Introduction to Computer Hardware

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Questions and Answers

Which technological advancement primarily characterizes the shift from the Fourth to the Fifth Generation of computers?

The first use of high-level programming languages like C and C++.
The introduction of the internet and networking capabilities.
The development of the first microprocessors with a few thousand electronic components.
The transition from VLSI (Very Large Scale Integration) to ULSI (Ultra Large Scale Integration). (correct)

Fifth-generation computers solely rely on sequential processing, foregoing parallel processing architectures.

False (B)

Name three specific applications or areas of Artificial Intelligence (AI) that emerged during the Fifth Generation of computers.

Robotics, Neural networks, Game Playing.

The Fifth Generation of computers aimed to develop systems that could understand and generate ________ language, enabling more natural human-computer interaction.

natural Signup and view all the answers

Match the following computer types with their generation:

CRAY-1 = Fourth Generation Desktop = Fifth Generation Signup and view all the answers

Which characteristic of computers enables them to perform tasks without human intervention once a program is stored in memory?

Automation (B) Signup and view all the answers

The initial investment for installing a computer system is typically low, making it affordable for even small organizations.

False (B) Signup and view all the answers

Besides reducing paperwork, what is another significant way computers can reduce costs in an organization?

speed up processes Signup and view all the answers

Banks use computers to offer an online accounting facility, which includes checking current balance, making deposits and ___________.

overdrafts Signup and view all the answers

What aspect of computers makes them suitable for handling complex tasks in diverse fields?

versatility (C) Signup and view all the answers

Due to wear and tear, modern computer electronic components typically have short lifespan.

False (B) Signup and view all the answers

For insurance companies, what information about clients is typically maintained in a computer database?

Policy maturity date (A) Signup and view all the answers

Match the application of computers with the business task:

Payroll calculations = Ensuring employees are paid accurately and on time Budgeting = Planning and managing financial resources Sales analysis = Evaluating sales data to improve strategies Financial forecasting = Predicting future financial performance Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following technologies primarily characterized the third generation of computers?

Integrated Circuits (ICs) (D) Signup and view all the answers

Fourth-generation computers required air conditioning for temperature regulation.

False (B) Signup and view all the answers

What significant development led to the personal computer revolution during the fourth generation of computing?

VLSI circuits Signup and view all the answers

The use of transistors, smaller size, and reduced heat generation characterized the ______ generation of computers compared to the first generation.

second Signup and view all the answers

Match the computer generation with its primary technology.

Second Generation = Transistors Third Generation = Integrated Circuits (ICs) Fourth Generation = Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) Signup and view all the answers

During which computer generation were high-level languages like FORTRAN and COBOL predominantly used?

Third Generation (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following was a common characteristic of both second and third-generation computers?

Requirement of Air Conditioning (A.C.) (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which advancement primarily enabled the creation of microcomputers during the fourth generation?

Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) circuits (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a typical application of computers in military areas?

Social Media Management (C) Signup and view all the answers

In the first generation of computers, transistors were used as the primary component for memory and circuits.

False (B) Signup and view all the answers

Name two input/output devices used in the first generation of computers.

Punched cards, Paper tape, Magnetic tape Signup and view all the answers

The primary memory in the second generation computers was made of ______ .

magnetic cores Signup and view all the answers

Which characteristic best describes the first generation of computers?

Large size and high power consumption (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following programming languages was NOT used in the first generation?

FORTRAN (C) Signup and view all the answers

What was the main advancement in the second generation of computers compared to the first generation?

Use of transistors (A) Signup and view all the answers

Match the computer generation with its key technology.

First Generation = Vacuum Tubes Second Generation = Transistors Signup and view all the answers

In healthcare, which system uses computers to monitor a patient's vital signs and detect abnormalities?

Patient Monitoring System (D) Signup and view all the answers

Computer-Based Education (CBE) primarily focuses on delivering content, with minimal emphasis on assessment and control of the learning process.

False (B) Signup and view all the answers

What does CAD stand for, a major area where computers are used for engineering purposes?

Computer Aided Design Signup and view all the answers

In marketing, computerized catalogues facilitate ______ by providing product information and enabling direct order entry.

home shopping Signup and view all the answers

Match the following engineering fields with their primary application of computers:

Structural Engineering = Stress and strain analysis for design of structures Industrial Engineering = Design and improvement of integrated systems Architectural Engineering = Planning towns and designing buildings Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a typical application of computers in healthcare?

Designing building structures (D) Signup and view all the answers

Computers in military applications are limited to basic communication systems and do not play a role in controlling modern weaponry.

False (B) Signup and view all the answers

Besides ECG and EEG, list one other type of scan or diagnostic imaging that commonly uses computerized machines in healthcare.

CT scan or ultrasound Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes the primary function of a computer?

To process data into meaningful information. (B) Signup and view all the answers

The term 'computer' originates from a word meaning 'to store'.

False (B) Signup and view all the answers

Name three characteristics of computers that make them superior to humans in certain tasks.

High speed, accuracy, diligence Signup and view all the answers

The ability of a computer to perform repeated tasks without tiredness is known as ________.

diligence Signup and view all the answers

Which of these is NOT a core function performed by a computer?

Distribution (A) Signup and view all the answers

A computer's ability to handle various types of data (text, images, audio) demonstrates which characteristic?

Versatility (A) Signup and view all the answers

Computers always produce accurate results, even if the initial data provided is incorrect.

False (B) Signup and view all the answers

Match the task with the corresponding computer function.

Typing data into a document = Input Saving a document on the hard drive = Storage Running a spell-check program = Processing Displaying the final document on the screen = Output Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Fifth Generation Computers

The era of computing from 1980 to present, characterized by ULSI technology and Artificial Intelligence.

ULSI Technology

Ultra Large Scale Integration, allowing millions of electronic components on a microprocessor chip.

Artificial Intelligence (AI)

A branch of computer science aimed at creating systems that can think and act like humans.

Parallel Processing

A computing method that divides tasks into smaller sub-tasks, processed simultaneously to improve performance.