Introduction to Communication Models

Introduction to Communication Models

• Various authors and researchers present their own communication models emphasizing different components.

Aristotelian Model

• Originated by Aristotle around 5 BC, focusing on Speaker, Message, and Setting.
• The Setting is crucial as it determines the nature of the message.
• Three key settings in Aristotle’s time:
  • Legal Setting: Involves courts where individuals defend themselves.
  • Deliberative Setting: Pertains to political assemblies, especially the Roman Senate.
  • Ceremonial Setting: Encompasses speeches for celebrations, tributes, and eulogies during significant events.

Shannon-Weaver Model

• Developed by Claude Shannon and Warren Weaver in 1948, known as the Telephone Model.
• Introduces the concept of "noise," affecting message transmission from Speaker to Listener.
• Highlights that the Message sent may differ from the Message received due to external disruptions.

Schramm Model of Communication

• Created by Wilbur Schramm, recognized as the Father of Mass Communication.
• Key concept: Communication occurs when there is an overlap between the Speaker's and Listener's fields of experience.
• Field of Experience: Encompasses a person’s unique knowledge, experiences, and backgrounds that influence understanding.
• Example: A lecture in known languages (e.g., English, Filipino) can be understood if the audience is familiar; however, using an unknown language (e.g., Chinese) would lead to miscommunication.

Eugene White’s Model

• Proposed in 1960, suggests that communication is a circular and continuous process without a defined beginning or end.
• Key components include:
  • Thinking: Initial thought creation.
  • Symbolizing: Translating thoughts into symbols.
  • Expressing: Sharing symbols with others.
  • Transmitting: Sending the message.
  • Receiving: Listener’s receipt of the message.
  • Decoding: Understanding the symbols received.
  • Feedback: The Listener's response, crucial for effective communication.
• Emphasizes continuous monitoring by the Speaker to gauge Listener responses.

Models of Communication

• Graphical representation aids in understanding communication, with various models highlighting different components.

Aristotelian Model

• Developed by Aristotle in 5BC, focusing on the importance of the Speaker and the Message.
• The Setting plays a crucial role in shaping the message, influencing how it is received.

Three Settings

• Legal Setting: Pertains to courts where ordinary citizens present their cases.
• Deliberative Setting: Relates to political assemblies, including the Roman Senate.
• Ceremonial Setting: Involves speeches during significant events like wartime victories or leadership transitions.

Shannon-Weaver Model

• Introduced by Claude Shannon and Warren Weaver in 1948, also known as the Telephone Model.
• Introduces the concept of "noise" that disrupts the communication process, affecting message clarity.
• Highlights that the Message from the Speaker may differ from the Message received by the Listener due to interference.

Schramm Model of Communication

• Developed by Wilbur Schramm, recognized as the Father of Mass Communication.
• Emphasizes that effective communication occurs only when there is an overlap in the Field of Experience between Speaker and Listener.

Field of Experience

• Represents a person's unique experiences, knowledge, and exposure.
• Mutual understanding arises when the Speaker and Listener share commonalities in their Fields of Experience.

Eugene White’s Model

• Proposed in 1960, depicting communication as circular and continuous, lacking a defined beginning or end.
• Communication can be analyzed from any point along the cycle which includes stages of Thinking, Symbolizing, Expressing, Monitoring, Transmitting, Receiving, Decoding, and Feedback.

Key Concept: Feedback

• Introduced by Eugene White, referring to the Speaker's perception of the Listener's response.
• Feedback occurs when the Speaker actively monitors the Listener, being attentive to their reactions.

This quiz explores various communication models, including the Aristotelian, Shannon-Weaver, and Schramm models. Each model highlights different components and contexts of communication, from speaker and setting to noise interference. Test your understanding of how these models apply in different scenarios.