Questions and Answers
What is the main contribution of Aristotle to communication models?
Which of the following is NOT one of the five basic elements of Shannon and Weaver's communication model?
What is the primary difference between the Shannon-Weaver Model and the Transaction Model of communication?
Which stage of White's model involves the speaker producing sounds accompanied by gestures and facial expressions?
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Which aspect does Berlo’s model of communication emphasize the most?
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What does the Feedbacking stage in White’s model refer to?
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What role does 'attitude' play in effective communication according to Berlo's model?
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What does the term 'noise' refer to in Shannon and Weaver's communication model?
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In Lasswell's model of communication, which element is NOT one of the four basic components?
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Wilbur Shramm’s fourth model highlights which aspect of communication?
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Study Notes
Models of Communication
- A model represents an object, event, process, or relationship; communication models explain the process of human communication under various circumstances.
Aristotelian Model
- Attributed to ancient Greek philosopher Aristotle, depicting communication as oratorial speech to large audiences.
- Key elements focus on the speaker, audience, and the message.
Shannon and Weaver’s Communication Model
- Developed in 1949 by Claude Shannon and Warren Weaver for Bell Telephone Laboratories.
- Involves five key elements: information source, transmitter, receiver, destination, and noise.
- Illustrates message transfer from sender to receiver, highlighting potential disruptions.
Berlo’s SMCR Model
- Created by David Berlo in 1960, building on Shannon and Weaver’s model.
- Focuses on four components: Sender, Message, Channel, and Receiver (SMCR).
- Emphasizes the importance of sender and receiver’s knowledge, attitudes, cultural backgrounds, and communication skills.
- Communications rely on five senses for channeling messages.
Transactional Model
- Represents a two-way communication process, incorporating feedback.
- Emphasizes the interactive nature of communication rather than a one-directional flow.
Lasswell Model
- Developed in 1948 by political scientist Harold Lasswell.
- Consists of four basic elements arranged in a linear pattern to analyze communication impact.
Schramm’s Model
- Introduced by Wilbur Schramm in 1954, focusing on the dynamic nature of human communication.
- Stresses continuous interaction and the reciprocal process between communicators.
White’s Model
- Eugene White proposed an eight-stage process of oral communication, starting from the speaker's thoughts and concluding with monitoring the audience's response.
- Stages include:
- Thinking: Initiation of communication desire.
- Symbolizing: Knowledge of language codes for expression.
- Expressing: Verbal and non-verbal communication produced by the speaker.
- Transmitting: Delivery of the message through sound and light waves.
- Receiving: Listener's perception through auditory and visual channels.
- Decoding: Listener's interpretation of received symbols.
- Feedbacking: Listener's behavioral response, indicating understanding or confusion.
- Monitoring: Speaker's awareness of audience feedback and self-assessment.
Functions of Communication
- Control/Regulation: Directs behavior in situations, such as orienting tourists about heritage sites.
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Description
Explore various communication models in this quiz, including Aristotle's early representation of communication as an orator addressing an audience. Understand how these models articulate the human communication process under different circumstances.
