1 - Introduction to Clinical Chemistry

The amount of a specific substance in a sample, compared to reference values.

A test that finds the exact amount of analyte present in a sample.

A test that indicates the presence or absence of an analyte in a sample.

A category of substances that are commonly screened for presence in biological samples.

Proteins that carry molecules like hormones and vitamins in the blood.

A procedure to analyze and measure the concentration of an analyte in a sample.

Standard values used for comparison in laboratory tests.

A specific protein involved in the immune response, part of the complement system.

A protein that increases in response to inflammation, often measured in clinical settings.

A type of lipoprotein that helps remove cholesterol from the bloodstream, considered 'good' cholesterol.

A type of lipoprotein that can lead to plaque buildup in arteries, often referred to as 'bad' cholesterol.

A test that measures average blood sugar levels over the last 2-3 months, important for diabetes management.

The act of drawing blood from a blood vessel for testing or donation.

The method of collecting blood from a vein, the most common technique in phlebotomy.

A technique to collect blood from an artery, typically done in critical settings for gas analysis.

A method of collecting blood using a small prick on the skin to access capillary blood.

An automated device for analyzing blood urea and nitrogen continuously.

Chemist who developed the first continuous flow method for clinical analysis.

Manufacturer that produced Skeggs's continuous flow analyzer.

Essential hospital units for diagnosing diseases through tests.

The process of detecting diseases before symptoms show.

A condition causing large volumes of dilute urine due to inadequate ADH.

Historical concept that health is maintained by balancing blood, phlegm, yellow bile, and black bile.

Chemist who advocated for chemical analysis in medicine and urine examination.

The study of blood, its diseases, and components.

The process by which blood changes from liquid to gel, forming a clot.

A glycoprotein in blood that is converted to fibrin during coagulation.

A pivotal figure known for exploring blood as a disease specimen.

The examination of urine to assess health status.

Laboratory associated with the University of Pennsylvania focused on clinical chemistry.

Key individuals in early 20th century who advanced clinical medicine through various research fields.

A physician who contributed to clinical chemistry and worked on blood analysis.

The study of chemical processes in the body to understand diseases.

A publication that set reference ranges for clinical test results.

The first automated system for analyzing blood samples.

The first analysis performed by the AutoAnalyzer.

Abnormal states in the body that can be diagnosed through chemistry.

Biological specimens taken to analyze various health indicators.

Influential educators in medicine, like Graves and Trousseau.

Abnormal alterations in tissues or secretions due to disease.

Innovations that improve diagnostic processes, like the AutoAnalyzer.