Introduction to Cancer: Mechanisms of Unregulated Cell Growth
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Questions and Answers

What is the main focus of the learning objectives for this session?

  • Understanding the effect of cancer on patients
  • Understanding normal cell growth
  • Understanding the molecular biology of cancer (correct)
  • Understanding the mechanisms of cell division

    • What is the characteristic of normal cell growth mentioned in the lecture?

  • Irregular and sporadic
  • Rapid and uncontrolled
  • Dependent on external factors
  • Slow and tightly regulated (correct)

    • What happens when cells stop dividing according to the lecture?

  • They form a growing mass of cancer cells
  • The need for new cells is met (correct)
  • They enter the cell cycle
  • They undergo rapid uncontrolled growth

    • What is the key difference between normal cells and cancer cells mentioned in the lecture?

    <p>Cancer cells have errors in signaling the end of cell division</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main topic of Lecture 3 according to the provided information?

    <p>Molecular Biology of Cancer I</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of cytokinesis in the context of cancer, based on the lecture?

    <p>Signaling the end of cell division</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a factor that can regulate cell divisions?

    <p>Intracellular temperature</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of cells do not divide or differentiate unless stimulated by environmental stimuli or growth factors?

    <p>Normal cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main role of growth factors in the regulation of the cell cycle?

    <p>Stimulating cell proliferation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which growth factor is used for the treatment of anemia of renal disease?

    <p>Erythropoietin (EPO)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of cancer cells in relation to growth factors?

    <p>They have constitutive activation of receptors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which growth factor receptor is associated with breast cancer as a prognostic marker when overexpressed?

    <p>Epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What mechanisms lead to growth factor overproduction in tumors?

    <p>Mechanisms that are not clear</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the mechanisms by which a normal cell may limit proliferation?

    <p>Inducing stem cells to undergo terminal differentiation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to quiescent cells when they are stimulated to return to the cell cycle at G1 by environmental cues?

    <p>They continue proliferating</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main characteristic of differentiated cells?

    <p>They have reached their final specialized form</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens when tissue induces stem cells to enter post-mitotic differentiation?

    <p>Tissue loses its pool of replicating cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can lead to tumor formation according to the information provided?

    <p>Mutations compromising a cell's ability to carry out apoptosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the defining feature of all cancers?

    <p>Unregulated cell growth</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do cancer cells differ from normal cells?

    <p>They have reduced sensitivity to growth-inhibitory signals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the multistep process that cancer requires to reach the tumour state?

    <p>Four to six different mutations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What occurs when too many cells are produced in normal tissues?

    <p>The rate of apoptosis will increase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of growth factors in normal cell growth?

    <p>Stimulate growth and differentiation of cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to cancer cells with defects in their cell death machinery?

    <p>They do not undergo apoptosis and favor cell division</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes cancer cells from normal cells?

    <p>Reduced requirement for growth factors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the balance between in normal tissues that ensures tissue mass maintenance?

    <p>Balance between cell division and apoptosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of cancer cells' growth properties related to physical substrate attachment?

    <p>They have no specific requirement for attachment to grow</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do cancer cells do when they contact a neighboring cell?

    <p>Do not stop dividing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of cancer cells' chromosomal aberrations?

    <p>They often have changes in chromosome number and structure</p> Signup and view all the answers

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