Introduction to Behaviour and Stimulus
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Questions and Answers

What is behavior?

Human activities and movements that can be observed, recorded, and measured.

Which of the following are included in the definition of behavior? (Select all that apply)

  • Walking (correct)
  • Crying (correct)
  • Thinking
  • Yawning (correct)

All behaviors can be observed externally.

False (B)

Behaviors such as __________, __________, and __________ can be clearly seen by the individual and others.

<p>speaking, walking, writing</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of behaviors can be indirectly observed?

<p>Reddening of the face (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What must be available to predict or interpret a person's behavior?

<p>Information about the reasons for the behavior or the stimuli involved.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is sensation?

<p>The process by which our sensory receptors and nervous system receive and represent stimulus energies from our environment.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is perception?

<p>The process of organizing and interpreting sensory information, enabling us to recognize meaningful objects and events.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does top-down processing involve?

<p>Using models, ideas, and expectations to interpret sensory information (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of perceptual set?

<p>To influence what we expect to see (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Perception is only influenced by factors external to the perceiver.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factors are important contributors in perceptual organization?

<p>Figure ground and perceptual grouping.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Linear perspective is a monocular cue for depth perception.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Perception of size depends on ______.

<p>context</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Behavior

Any observable human activity or action, either physical or psychological, including reflexive, instinctive, or learned actions.

Stimulus

Anything from the internal or external environment that triggers a change in behavior or reaction.

Observable Behavior

Actions that can be seen and recorded by others, such as walking, talking, or writing.

Unobservable Behavior

Behaviors that are experienced internally but not directly seen by others, like emotions or pain.

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Reason for Behavior

The underlying cause or explanation for a person's actions.

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Reaction

The response or change in behavior or state triggered by a stimulus.

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Predicting Behavior

Using available information to anticipate how someone might act in response to a stimulus.

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Interpreting Behavior

Understanding the meaning or purpose behind a behavior or action.

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Sensation

The process of receiving sensory information from the environment through our sensory receptors and nervous system.

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Perception

The process of organizing and interpreting sensory information to understand the world around you.

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Top-down processing

Using pre-existing knowledge and expectations to interpret sensory information.

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Bottom-up processing

Processing sensory information as it is perceived to build a complete understanding.

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Perceptual Set

Our expectations and biases that influence what we perceive.

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Context Effect

How the surrounding environment affects our perception of something.

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Figure-Ground

Distinguishing objects (figures) from their surrounding background.

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Perceptual Grouping

Organizing sensory stimuli into meaningful groups and patterns.

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Monocular Cues

Depth cues that are available to one eye alone.

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Relative Size

A monocular cue where smaller objects seem farther away.

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Study Notes

Introduction to Behaviour

  • Behaviour is the interaction between internal and external stimuli, leading to a reaction.
  • Behaviour encompasses a wide variety of human activities, including physical and psycho-social actions, reflexes, instincts, learned responses, and facial expressions.
  • All observable and measurable human activities are considered behaviour.

What is Stimulus?

  • A stimulus is any factor that causes detectable changes in the human organism.
  • Stimuli received by sense organs result in perception.
  • Examples of stimuli include light waves (perceived by the eye), sound waves (perceived by the ear), taste (perceived by the tongue), and touch (perceived by the skin).

Reactions

  • Reactions are the changes in physical or mental structure resulting from stimuli.
  • These changes can vary in type and severity, depending on the nature and intensity of the stimulus.
  • Reactions can be categorized as overt (observable actions like speaking, walking) or covert (internal experiences like thoughts, feelings).
  • Reactions can also be categorized as conscious or unconscious, and voluntary or involuntary.

Understanding Behaviour

  • Every behaviour has a reason.
  • To understand and predict behavior, one must consider several factors:
    • Biological characteristics (age, gender, intelligence, interests)
    • Past experiences (upbringing, education, events)
    • Current internal state (hunger, tiredness, mood)
    • Environmental conditions (temperature, noise level, social context)

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Related Documents

Introduction To Behaviour PDF
Sensation & Perception PDF

Description

This quiz explores fundamental concepts related to human behaviour and stimuli. It covers the types of behaviour, the nature of stimuli, and how reactions occur as a result of environmental factors. Test your understanding of these vital psychological topics.

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