Introduction to Audit and Assurance: Specialized Industries
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary characteristic of a specialized industry according to the text?

  • Compliance with applicable standards
  • Regulatory oversight
  • Distinct accounting practices (correct)
  • Unique transactions and balances
  • Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a characteristic of a specialized industry in the text?

  • Distinct accounting practices
  • Compliance with industry-specific standards
  • Unique financial reporting requirements
  • Diverse product offerings (correct)
  • Which of the following is a key difference between specialized industries and other industries?

  • Specialized industries have more complex financial transactions
  • Specialized industries have fewer reporting standards to comply with
  • Specialized industries use different accounting practices tailored to their unique requirements (correct)
  • Specialized industries are subject to more regulatory oversight
  • The text mentions that specialized industries operate with unique characteristics in terms of $what$?

    <p>Both accounting for transactions and reporting financial results</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a specialized industry?

    <p>Diverse customer base</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of the Philippine Auditing Practice Statements (PAPS) mentioned in the text?

    <p>To outline the audit considerations when performing audits of specialized industries</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of regulatory oversight by specialized regulatory bodies in industries?

    <p>To provide guidance and oversight for compliance with accounting standards</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which regulatory body regulates the banking industry in the Philippines?

    <p>BSP (Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which accounting standard is commonly applicable to the banking industry?

    <p>PFRS 7 – Financial Instruments: Disclosure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of activities are primarily engaged in by financial institutions in the banking industry?

    <p>Accepting deposits and lending activities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which industry would you expect to find activities related to the extraction of minerals and geological materials?

    <p>Construction &amp; Real Estate industry</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organization is an example of a banking institution in the Philippines?

    <p>Bank of the Philippine Islands (BPI)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason specialized industries may adopt distinct accounting policies?

    <p>To accurately reflect their unique transactions and balances</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a key impact of the existence of specialized industries on financial reporting?

    <p>Variations in financial reporting practices across different sectors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of specialized industries adhering to relevant financial reporting standards?

    <p>To ensure their financial statements accurately represent their economic activities and financial condition</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a key characteristic of specialized industries' unique transactions and balances?

    <p>They may necessitate specialized accounting treatments to accurately reflect financial position and performance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do specialized accounting policies for unique transactions and balances relate to generally accepted financial reporting standards?

    <p>They are developed within the framework of generally accepted standards</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a key reason why stakeholders, such as investors and analysts, need to understand the nuances of financial reporting within specialized industries?

    <p>To properly evaluate the performance and prospects of entities operating within specialized industries</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one potential challenge for smaller audit firms when auditing specialized industries?

    <p>Lack of previous experience with clients in the same industry</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can larger audit firms typically meet the competence requirements for auditing various industries?

    <p>They have the resources to provide staff training or bring in experts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When identifying risks in a specialized industry audit, what should be considered in addition to the industry-specific balances and transactions?

    <p>Risks associated with 'normal' balances and transactions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When might an auditor plan to use an auditor's expert during a specialized industry audit?

    <p>To obtain audit evidence in areas where the audit firm lacks specific expertise</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an example of when an auditor might use an expert during a banking audit?

    <p>To value complex financial instruments</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one potential action a smaller audit firm might take to meet the requirements of a specialized industry audit?

    <p>Seek external expertise through consultants or experts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary responsibility of the auditor when using the work of an auditor's expert?

    <p>To evaluate the relevance and adequacy of the expert's work</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements is true regarding the use of an auditor's expert?

    <p>The auditor should adhere to the requirements and principles of PSA 620</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the Philippine Auditing Practice Statements (PAPSs) issued by the AASC?

    <p>To provide interpretative guidance and practical assistance for implementing auditing standards</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements accurately describes the auditor's responsibility when using an auditor's expert?

    <p>The auditor must determine and communicate the scope and objectives of the expert's work</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What types of practice statements are issued by the AASC in addition to the Philippine Auditing Practice Statements (PAPSs)?

    <p>Philippine Review Engagement Practice Statements (PREPSs), Philippine Assurance Engagement Practice Statements (PAEPSs), and Philippine Related Services Practice Statements (PRSPSs)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement best describes the auditor's responsibility when using the work of an auditor's expert?

    <p>The auditor must avoid over-reliance on the expert's work and investigate any inconsistencies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Specialized Industries

    • A distinct market segment with unique characteristics in accounting for transactions and reporting financial results.

    Characteristics of a Specialized Industry

    • Distinct accounting practices
    • Unique transactions and balances
    • Compliance with applicable standards
    • Impact on financial reporting
    • Regulatory oversight

    Focus of Specialized Industries

    • Banking
    • Construction and Real Estate
    • Mining
    • Utilities and Power
    • Telecoms
    • Not for Profit Entities

    Banking Industry

    • Regulated by the Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas (BSP)
    • Relevant standards include PFRS 7, PFRS 9, and PAPS 1006
    • Examples of banking industries include BPI, BDO Unibank, PNB, and ADB

    Construction and Real Estate Industry

    • Relevant standards include PAS 16, PFRS 15, and PAS 11
    • Engaged in the extraction of precious minerals and geological materials

    Unique Transactions and Balances

    • Specialized industries engage in unique transactions and maintain balances that differ from those in general industries
    • May necessitate specialized accounting treatments to accurately reflect financial position and performance

    Compliance with Applicable Standards

    • Entities must adhere to relevant financial reporting standards applicable to their sector
    • Ensures financial statements accurately represent economic activities and financial condition

    Impact on Financial Reporting

    • Specialized industries can lead to variations in financial reporting practices across different sectors
    • Stakeholders must understand nuances of financial reporting within specialized industries

    Competence in Larger Audit Firms

    • Larger firms likely to meet competence requirements for various industries
    • Possess necessary skills and competence through existing clients or resources to bring in experts or provide staff training

    Considerations for Smaller Firms

    • Must carefully evaluate their competence to take on audits in specialized industries
    • May need to invest in training or seek external expertise to meet requirements of specialized audits

    Audit Planning in Specialized Industries

    • Risk identification must be similar to any other audit
    • Consider specific risks related to industry-specific balances and transactions

    Reliance on Experts in Specialized Industries

    • Auditors may plan to use auditor’s experts to obtain audit evidence
    • Examples include valuing complex financial instruments in banking audits or reviewing defined benefit pension schemes with actuaries

    The Philippine Auditing Practice Statements (PAPS)

    • Provide interpretative guidance and practical assistance to professional accountants in implementing PSAs
    • Promote good practice in auditing

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    Description

    Learn about the basic concepts and characteristics of Specialized Industries in the field of Audit and Assurance. This chapter covers definitions, standards, and key differences in the specialized industry.

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