Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the primary action of the Superficial Gluteal Muscle?
What is the primary action of the Superficial Gluteal Muscle?
Where does the Tensor Fascia Latae Muscle originate?
Where does the Tensor Fascia Latae Muscle originate?
The Middle Gluteal Muscle primarily acts to:
The Middle Gluteal Muscle primarily acts to:
Which muscle extends from the ischium to the tibia?
Which muscle extends from the ischium to the tibia?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the insertion point of the Deep Gluteal Muscle?
What is the insertion point of the Deep Gluteal Muscle?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following muscles is NOT part of the Rump Muscles?
Which of the following muscles is NOT part of the Rump Muscles?
Signup and view all the answers
Which action best describes the function of the Piriform Muscle?
Which action best describes the function of the Piriform Muscle?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the origin of the Superficial Gluteal Muscle?
What is the origin of the Superficial Gluteal Muscle?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the origin of the biceps femoris muscle?
What is the origin of the biceps femoris muscle?
Signup and view all the answers
What action is performed by the semitendinosus muscle?
What action is performed by the semitendinosus muscle?
Signup and view all the answers
Which muscle is responsible for adduction of the thigh?
Which muscle is responsible for adduction of the thigh?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the insertion point for the sartorius muscle?
What is the insertion point for the sartorius muscle?
Signup and view all the answers
Which muscle of the caudal group extends the hip and hock but flexes the stifle?
Which muscle of the caudal group extends the hip and hock but flexes the stifle?
Signup and view all the answers
What is a key action of the pectineus muscle?
What is a key action of the pectineus muscle?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the common insertion for the gracilis muscle and the biceps femoris?
What is the common insertion for the gracilis muscle and the biceps femoris?
Signup and view all the answers
Which action is NOT associated with the semimembranosus muscle?
Which action is NOT associated with the semimembranosus muscle?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the correct insertion point for the External Obturator Muscle?
What is the correct insertion point for the External Obturator Muscle?
Signup and view all the answers
Which muscle serves as the most powerful extensor of the stifle joint?
Which muscle serves as the most powerful extensor of the stifle joint?
Signup and view all the answers
Where does the Rectus Femoris originate from?
Where does the Rectus Femoris originate from?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following muscles draws the hindlimb outwards?
Which of the following muscles draws the hindlimb outwards?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the primary action of the Vastus Lateralis muscle?
What is the primary action of the Vastus Lateralis muscle?
Signup and view all the answers
What structure is the Patellar Ligament associated with?
What structure is the Patellar Ligament associated with?
Signup and view all the answers
Which origin point is correctly associated with the Internal Obturator Muscle?
Which origin point is correctly associated with the Internal Obturator Muscle?
Signup and view all the answers
Which muscle lies directly on the cranial surface of the femur?
Which muscle lies directly on the cranial surface of the femur?
Signup and view all the answers
Study Notes
Intrinsic Musculature of the Pelvic Limb
- The power generated by the hindlimb muscles is transferred to the trunk via the hip and sacroiliac joints.
- These joints are supported by the muscles of the hindlimb.
Rump Muscles: The Lateral Muscle of the Pelvis
- The lateral muscles of the pelvis extend between the ilium and thigh, arranged in layers.
- The caudal muscles of the thigh, part of the hamstring group, extend from the ischium to the tibia. These muscles contribute to the common calcaneal tendon.
Muscles of the Hip
- Medial muscles of the thigh are located between the pelvic floor and femur.
- Inner pelvic muscles extend between the pelvis and trochanteric fossa of the femur.
Rump Muscles: The Lateral Muscle of the Pelvis (continued)
- Tensor fascia lata muscle: originates from the tuber coxae and adjacent part of the ilium. It inserts into the fascia lata and draws the limb forward, tensing the fascia.
- Superficial gluteal muscle: originates from the lateral border of the sacrum, first caudal vertebra. It inserts at the third trochanter, acting as an extensor and flexor of the hip joint.
- Middle gluteal muscle: originates from the crest and gluteal surface of the ilium. It inserts at the greater trochanter, acting as an extensor of the hip joint and drawing the limb outwards and backwards.
Deep Gluteal Muscle
- Originates from the lateral surface of the ilial shaft, near the iliac spine.
- Inserts into the cranial aspect of the greater trochanter.
- Action: Draws the limb outwards and backwards.
Piriformis Muscle
- Origin: Last sacral vertebra and sacrotuberous ligament.
- Insertion: Distally to the greater trochanter, on the lateral surface of the femur.
- Action: Draws the limb outwards and backwards.
Inner Pelvic Muscles
- External obturator muscle: Originates from the outer surface of the obturator foramen. Inserts into the trochanteric fossa, drawing the hindlimb outwards.
- Quadratus femoris: Originates from the ventral surface of the caudal part of the ischium. Inserts into the intertrochanteric crest, drawing the hindlimb outwards.
Internal Obturator Muscle
- Origin: Inner surface of the obturator foramen.
- Insertion: Trochanteric fossa of the femur.
- Action: Draws the hindlimb outwards.
Gemellus Muscles
- Origin: The lateral surface of the ischium.
- Insertion: The trochanteric fossa.
- Action: Draws the hindlimb outwards.
Cranial Muscles of the Thigh
- Quadriceps Femoris: Divided into four heads originating from the femur and ilium. Inserts into the tibial tuberosity. It's the powerful extensor of the stifle joint.
- Patella: A sesamoid bone intercalated within the quadriceps tendon, articulating with the femoral trochlea.
- Patellar Ligament: Extends from the patella to the tibial tuberosity, completing the quadriceps tendon.
The Rectus Femoris
- Origin: Ilium, cranial to the acetabulum.
- Insertion: Patella, tibial tuberosity.
- Action: Extends the stifle joint, flexes the hip joint.
Vastus Lateralis
- Origin: Lateral surface of the femur.
- Insertion: Patella, tibial tuberosity.
- Action: Extends the stifle joint.
Vastus Intermedius
- Origin: Medial surface of the femur.
- Insertion: Patella, tibial tuberosity.
- Action: Extends the stifle joint.
Vastus Medialis
- Origin: Medial surface of the femur.
- Insertion: Patella, tibial tuberosity.
- Action: Extends the stifle joint.
Caudal Muscles of the Thigh
- Biceps Femoris Muscle: Located laterally.
- Semitendinosus Muscle: Located caudally.
- Semimembranosus Muscle: Located medially.
Muscles of the Crus
- The crus muscles are grouped as extensors of the tarsus and the digits of the limb. The craniolateral and caudal groups of muscles are separated by location on the tibia.
- Craniolateral group includes cranial tibial, long fibular muscles, short fibular muscle, and third fibular muscle.
- Caudal group includes gastrocnemius muscle.
Craniolateral Muscles of the Crus
- Cranial Tibial Muscle: Originates from the extensor groove and adjacent articular margin of the tibia, and inserts onto the plantar surface of the Metatarsals I and II.
- Long Fibular Muscle: Originates from the lateral condyle of the tibia, proximal end of the fibula, and lateral epicondyle of femur. Inserts onto fourth tarsal bone and plantar aspect of metatarsals.
- Short Fibular Muscle: Only present in dogs. Originates from the fibular area and inserts on the fourth tarsal bone.
- Third Fibular Muscle: Absent in dogs.
- Long Digital Extensor Muscle: Originates from the extensor fossa of the femur; inserts into the extensor processes of distal phalanges of digits II–V; extends the digits and extends the stifle.
- Lateral Digital Extensor Muscle: Originates from the fibula and lateral condyle of the tibia. Inserts onto middle phalanges.
- Long Extensor Muscle of the First Digit: Originates from the Fibula and inserts onto the second digit.
Caudal Muscles of the Crus (continued)
- Gastrocnemius Muscle: Originates from medial and lateral supracondylar tuberosities of the femur; inserts onto the tuber calcanei, contributing to the common calcanean tendon; functions as an extensor of the tarsus and flexor of the stifle.
- Superficial Digital Flexor Muscle: Originates from the lateral supracondylar tuberosity of the femur, inserting onto the tuber calcanei and middle phalanges of digits II-V. This muscle functions to flex the stifle join, flex the digits, and extend the tarsus.
Deep Digital Flexor Muscle
- Deep digital flexor muscle, consists of 3 heads (caudal tibial, lateral digital flexor, and medial digital flexor muscles).
- Origin: Caudal aspect of the proximal tibia, proximal fibula, and the adjacent interosseous membrane.
- Insertion: Flexor tubercle on the plantar surface of the base of the distal phalanges. Its action: flexion of the digits.
Popliteus Muscle
- Originates from the lateral epicondyle of the femur. Inserts into the proximal third of the caudal surface of the tibia. Functions as a flexor of the stifle joint.
Medial Muscles of the Thigh
- Sartorius Muscle: Originates from the crest of the ilium and thoraccolumbar fascia; inserts at the patella. Actions: adducts and draws hindlimb forward.
- Gracilis Muscle: Originates from the symphysis; inserts at cranial border of tibia, tuber calcanei; action: adducts hindlimb.
- Pectineus Muscle: Originates from the iliopubic eminence and pubic tubercle; inserts at the distal end of the medial lip of the caudal rough face of the femur; action: adduction of the thigh.
- Adductor Muscles: Originates from the pelvic symphysis, ischiatic arch, pubis, and ischium. Inserts at the medial border of the femur. Action: adducts the hindlimb.
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Related Documents
Description
This quiz covers the intrinsic musculature of the pelvic limb, focusing on the hindlimb muscles, hip joints, and their anatomical arrangement. It explores the role of various muscle groups, including the lateral pelvis and hamstrings, in movement and support. Test your knowledge on the anatomical structures and functions of these muscles.
