BLOCK 3: AHE: (3.2) PART 4: BONES OF THE LOWER LIMB & MUSCLES OF THE THIGH

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of the thick fascia associated with the obturator foramen in the lower limb?

To facilitate movement of the thigh muscles

To assist in the stability of the pelvic girdle

To contain a neurovascular bundle (correct)

To provide structural support for the hip joint

Which muscle compartment does NOT primarily affect the movement of the thigh?

Medial compartment

Posterior compartment

Lateral compartment (correct)

Anterior compartment

Which ligament is primarily involved in enhancing the stability of the hip joint?

Ischiofemoral ligament

Iliofemoral ligament (correct)

Pubofemoral ligament

Transverse ligament

The sciatic nerve primarily innervates which of the following muscle groups?

Hamstrings Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between the acetabulum and the femur?

The head of the femur fits into the acetabulum Signup and view all the answers

Which portion of the oscoxa bone contributes to the pelvis?

Pubis Signup and view all the answers

How many bones are typically found in the thigh region?

One Signup and view all the answers

What critical role does the anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS) play in lower limb anatomy?

It serves as a site for muscle attachment Signup and view all the answers

Which structure separates the greater sciatic notch from the lesser sciatic notch?

Ischial spine Signup and view all the answers

Which muscle attaches laterally to the greater trochanter of the femur?

Gluteus maximus Signup and view all the answers

What is the main role of the tibia in the leg?

To support most of the weight Signup and view all the answers

Which ligament is associated with the ischial spine?

Sacrotuberous ligament Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about the hip joint is correct?

The acetabulum is part of the pelvis. Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the main functions of the sciatic nerve?

Innervate the hamstring muscles Signup and view all the answers

Which structure is located on the medial aspect of the ankle joint?

Medial malleolus Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is true regarding the function of the greater and lesser trochanters?

They serve as attachment points for muscle. Signup and view all the answers

Which structure stabilizes the hip joint while also allowing for a range of motion?

The acetabulum Signup and view all the answers

Which muscle compartment contributes to the movement of the thigh and is crucial for weight-bearing?

Posterior compartment Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the sciatic nerve in relation to the lower limb?

To innervate the posterior thigh and all of the leg and foot Signup and view all the answers

Which ligament is primarily responsible for providing stability to the hip joint?

Iliofemoral ligament Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the lateral malleolus in the context of the ankle?

It provides a bony landmark for ligaments. Signup and view all the answers

Which bone articulates with the distal tibia to form the ankle joint?

Talus Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following bones is located on the medial side of the foot?

Medial cuneiform Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the structure and function of tarsal bones?

They are block-like bones that provide structure to the ankle. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Lower Limb Structure

The lower limb is comprised of the pelvic bone (os coxae), femur, tibia, fibula, tarsals, metatarsals, and phalanges.
The pelvic girdle includes the sacrum and os coxae.
The os coxae consists of the ilium, pubis, and ischium, which fuse together during development.

Pelvis

The anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS) is a crucial attachment point for thigh muscles.
The acetabulum is the socket for the femur's head, forming the hip joint.
The pubic symphysis is a fibrous joint where the two pubic bones meet.
The obturator foramen is an opening in the pelvis for neurovascular structures.

Lateral View of Lower Limb

The lateral malleolus is the bony prominence at the ankle's lateral side, formed by the fibula.
The medial malleolus is the bony prominence at the ankle's medial side, formed by the tibia.

Foot Structure

The tarsals are large, block-like bones similar to the carpal bones of the hand.
The talus articulates with the tibia to form the ankle joint.
The calcaneus is the largest tarsal bone, forming the heel.
The navicular is a boat-shaped bone located medial to the cuboid.
The cuboid is located lateral to the navicular.
The medial, middle, and lateral cuneiform bones are located medially in the foot.

Hip Joint

The hip joint is crucial for weight transmission, requiring strength and stability, while also allowing for a significant range of motion.
The greater sciatic notch and lesser sciatic notch are landmarks on the posterior pelvis.
The ischial spine is located between the greater and lesser sciatic notch.
The pelvic inlet defines the superior boundary of the pelvic cavity.

Femur

The femur's head is always oriented medially.
The greater and lesser trochanters are prominent bony landmarks for muscle attachments.
The intertrochanteric crest is another site for muscle attachment.
The medial and lateral condyles of the femur articulate with the tibia to form the knee joint.

Leg Bones

The tibia is the larger and medial bone of the leg, bearing most of the weight.
The fibula is the smaller and lateral bone of the leg.
The medial malleolus is the medial bony prominence at the ankle, forming the inner side of the ankle joint.
The lateral malleolus is the lateral bony prominence at the ankle, forming the outer side of the ankle joint.

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Description

This quiz covers the structure and function of the lower limb, including the pelvic girdle, bones of the leg, ankle, and foot. It addresses key anatomical landmarks such as the ASIS, acetabulum, and malleoli. Test your knowledge about the components that make up our mobility framework.