14 Questions
Which genus includes M. tuberculosis, M. bovis, and M. leprae?
Mycobacterium
What is the staining method used for Mycobacterium cells?
Ziehl–Neelsen stain
In which part of the body is M. tuberculosis primarily found in infected humans?
Lungs
What type of infection does M. tuberculosis cause?
Chronic, granulomatous, slowly progressive infection
Which drug is NOT part of the most common treatment for active TB?
Streptomycin
What is the most common preventive measure for tuberculosis?
BCG vaccination
Which mycobacterium causes scrofuloderma, a childhood disease characterized by enlarged, caseous cervical lymph nodes?
Mycobacterium bovis
Which disease is mainly caused by Mycobacterium leprae?
Leprosy
What characterizes lepromatous leprosy?
Depressed cell-mediated immune response
Which mycobacterium is NOT considered a mycobacterium other than tuberculosis (MOTT)?
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Which pathogen causes Pontiac Fever and 'Legionnaires' disease?
Legionella pneumophila
Which group of organisms share properties common to both bacteria and viruses?
Mycoplasmas
What is the most common sexually transmitted disease in the UK?
Chlamydia trachomatis
Which disease is caused by Rickettsiae?
Typhus
Study Notes
Mycobacterial Infections and Other Intracellular Pathogens
- Tuberculosis treatment involves long-term therapy (6-9 months) due to growing drug resistance.
- The most common treatment for active TB is isoniazid (INH) in combination with three other drugs—rifampin, pyrazinamide, and ethambutol.
- Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccination and pasteurization of milk are preventive measures for tuberculosis.
- Mycobacterium bovis causes scrofuloderma, a childhood disease characterized by enlarged, caseous cervical lymph nodes.
- Mycobacterium leprae mainly affects the skin and nerves, causing slow, progressive chronic disease.
- Lepromatous leprosy is characterized by a depressed cell-mediated immune response and affects mainly the mucosa.
- Tuberculoid leprosy involves an intense cell-mediated immune response and results in nerve damage and extremity loss.
- Mycobacteria other than tuberculosis (MOTT) include M. avium, M. intracellulare, M. kansasii, and M. fortuitum, causing pulmonary infections in compromised patients.
- Legionella pneumophila, found in soil and water, causes Pontiac Fever and "Legionnaires" disease, with older men who smoke and drink excessively being at higher risk.
- Chlamydiae, Rickettsiae, and Mycoplasmas are a miscellaneous group of organisms with properties common to both bacteria and viruses, causing divergent human diseases.
- Chlamydia trachomatis causes ocular, genital, and neonatal infections, being the most common sexually transmitted disease in the UK.
- Rickettsiae, including Rickettsia and Coxiella, cause diseases like typhus, spotted fevers, and Q fever, which proliferates in the respiratory tract and then disseminates to other organs.
Test your knowledge of mycobacterial infections and other intracellular pathogens with this quiz. Explore topics such as tuberculosis treatment, BCG vaccination, Mycobacterium leprae, leprosy, mycobacteria other than tuberculosis (MOTT), Legionella pneumophila, Chlamydia trachomatis, and Rickettsiae.
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