Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the role of virulence factors in the invasion process of pathogens?
What is the role of virulence factors in the invasion process of pathogens?
- Prevent pathogens from producing exoenzymes
- Allow pathogens to colonize and damage host tissues (correct)
- Increase the likelihood of pathogens being eliminated by humoral antibodies
- Help pathogens disseminate through local tissues
What distinguishes obligate intracellular pathogens from facultative intracellular pathogens?
What distinguishes obligate intracellular pathogens from facultative intracellular pathogens?
- Ability to reproduce outside of host cells
- Tendency to produce exoenzymes
- Inability to reproduce outside of host cells (correct)
- Reliance on cellular immune response for elimination
What benefit do bacterial pathogens gain by living inside host cells?
What benefit do bacterial pathogens gain by living inside host cells?
- Enhanced protection against immune system defenses (correct)
- Reduced access to nutrients in the host cell
- Exposure to humoral antibodies
- Increased competition from other microbes
How do facultative intracellular pathogens differ from obligate intracellular pathogens?
How do facultative intracellular pathogens differ from obligate intracellular pathogens?
How do pathogens utilize the host cell actin cytoskeleton to move in the cytosol of infected cells?
How do pathogens utilize the host cell actin cytoskeleton to move in the cytosol of infected cells?
What is the mechanism through which Listeria first invades host cells?
What is the mechanism through which Listeria first invades host cells?
How does Listeria escape from phagosomes before fusion with lysosomes occurs?
How does Listeria escape from phagosomes before fusion with lysosomes occurs?
What is the role of actin polymerization in the spreading of Listeria?
What is the role of actin polymerization in the spreading of Listeria?
How does the trigger mechanism facilitate the entry of bacteria into host cells?
How does the trigger mechanism facilitate the entry of bacteria into host cells?
What differentiates the zipper mechanism from the trigger mechanism in terms of bacterial entry into host cells?
What differentiates the zipper mechanism from the trigger mechanism in terms of bacterial entry into host cells?
Which group of effectors play a role in inducing massive localised rearrangements of actin and plasma membrane during 'trigger'-mediated invasion of host cells?
Which group of effectors play a role in inducing massive localised rearrangements of actin and plasma membrane during 'trigger'-mediated invasion of host cells?
In Salmonella and Shigella invasion of intestinal epithelial cells, what process is triggered by effector molecules secreted by the pathogens?
In Salmonella and Shigella invasion of intestinal epithelial cells, what process is triggered by effector molecules secreted by the pathogens?
Which method does Yersinia pseudotuberculosis primarily rely on to invade host cells?
Which method does Yersinia pseudotuberculosis primarily rely on to invade host cells?
What role do effector proteins play in the 'trigger' mechanism for pathogen entry into host cells?
What role do effector proteins play in the 'trigger' mechanism for pathogen entry into host cells?
How do bacterial pathogens avoid intracellular killing by lysosomes?
How do bacterial pathogens avoid intracellular killing by lysosomes?
What is the role of beta-1 integrins in the infection process?
What is the role of beta-1 integrins in the infection process?
How do Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Legionella pneumophila, and Salmonella evade being digested by phagocytes?
How do Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Legionella pneumophila, and Salmonella evade being digested by phagocytes?
Which bacterial species utilize the SPI-2 encoded T3SS-2 to prevent fusion of the phagosome with lysosomes in macrophages?
Which bacterial species utilize the SPI-2 encoded T3SS-2 to prevent fusion of the phagosome with lysosomes in macrophages?
How do Listeria monocytogenes and Shigella avoid being digested by lysosomes?
How do Listeria monocytogenes and Shigella avoid being digested by lysosomes?
What is the mechanism through which Shigella escapes from the phagosome/endosome?
What is the mechanism through which Shigella escapes from the phagosome/endosome?
Which type of cells do a subset of intracellular pathogens disseminate within via cell-to-cell spread?
Which type of cells do a subset of intracellular pathogens disseminate within via cell-to-cell spread?
What selective advantage does proliferation in a membrane-bound compartment provide to intracellular pathogens?
What selective advantage does proliferation in a membrane-bound compartment provide to intracellular pathogens?
How do bacterial pathogens escape intracellular killing in a vacuole?
How do bacterial pathogens escape intracellular killing in a vacuole?
What is the primary function of ZIPPER during bacterial infection?
What is the primary function of ZIPPER during bacterial infection?
Which mechanism allows Salmonella to proliferate within macrophages while avoiding digestion?
Which mechanism allows Salmonella to proliferate within macrophages while avoiding digestion?
How do some intracellular pathogens facilitate their escape from phagosomes?
How do some intracellular pathogens facilitate their escape from phagosomes?
