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Questions and Answers
What is the characteristic sound heard over most of the lung fields during auscultation?
What is the characteristic sound heard over most of the lung fields during auscultation?
During chest auscultation, which type of breath sounds may be heard over the upper anterior chest and intercostal area?
During chest auscultation, which type of breath sounds may be heard over the upper anterior chest and intercostal area?
Which type of breath sounds are characterized by harsh, hollow quality and are typically abnormal when heard over the lung fields?
Which type of breath sounds are characterized by harsh, hollow quality and are typically abnormal when heard over the lung fields?
If a healthcare provider hears bronchial breath sounds over a peripheral lung field, what could this indicate?
If a healthcare provider hears bronchial breath sounds over a peripheral lung field, what could this indicate?
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In a healthy individual, where would you expect to hear vesicular breath sounds during a routine chest auscultation?
In a healthy individual, where would you expect to hear vesicular breath sounds during a routine chest auscultation?
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Where are vesicular breath sounds best heard?
Where are vesicular breath sounds best heard?
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Which breath sound is described as a 'blowing' sound created by air movement through larger airways?
Which breath sound is described as a 'blowing' sound created by air movement through larger airways?
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What is the characteristic location of bronchial breath sounds?
What is the characteristic location of bronchial breath sounds?
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In which area of the body would you expect to hear bronchial breath sounds?
In which area of the body would you expect to hear bronchial breath sounds?
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What distinguishes bronchial breath sounds from vesicular breath sounds?
What distinguishes bronchial breath sounds from vesicular breath sounds?
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Which breath sound is characterized by soft, low-pitched sounds heard over most of the lung fields?
Which breath sound is characterized by soft, low-pitched sounds heard over most of the lung fields?
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What is the expected ratio of the Anterior-Posterior (AP) Diameter to the transverse diameter in a normal chest shape?
What is the expected ratio of the Anterior-Posterior (AP) Diameter to the transverse diameter in a normal chest shape?
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During palpation of the posterior thorax, what is an abnormal finding related to chest expansion?
During palpation of the posterior thorax, what is an abnormal finding related to chest expansion?
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What is defined as the faintly perceptible vibration felt through the chest wall when the client speaks?
What is defined as the faintly perceptible vibration felt through the chest wall when the client speaks?
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Which breath sound is characterized by high-pitched, loud sounds heard over the trachea and larynx?
Which breath sound is characterized by high-pitched, loud sounds heard over the trachea and larynx?
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Study Notes
Percussion Sounds
- Normal lung tissue: long, loud, low-pitched, hollow sound
- Hyperresonance: lung hyperinflation, COPD, Pneumothorax
- Tympany: gastric air bubble, large pneumothorax, very loud, low-pitched sound
- Dullness: medium intensity, pitch and length, thud-like, bronchitis
- Flatness: short, high-pitched, extremely dull sound, large pneumothorax
Stethoscope Usage
- Use bell of stethoscope for low-pitched sounds
- Use diaphragm of stethoscope for high-pitched sounds (normal heart sounds, breath sounds, bowel sounds)
Auscultation
- Use flat disc of diaphragm for high-frequency sounds
- Use systematic side-to-side approach
- Ask client to take slow, deep breaths through mouth
Normal Breath Sounds
- Vesicular: soft-intensity, low-pitched, gentle sighing, heard over most lung fields, best location: peripheral lung, base of lung
- Bronchovesicular: moderate intensity and pitch, "blowing" sound, location: between scapulae and lateral to sternum, first and second intercostal spaces
- Bronchial: high-pitched, loud, harsh sounds, created by air moving through trachea, location: over trachea, not normally heard over lung tissue
Chest Deformities
- Barrel Chest: ratio of AP to transverse diameter is 1:1, increased AP diameter, caused by chronic lung diseases (emphysema)
- Scoliosis: lateral curvature or deviation of the spine, caused by trauma, present since birth, idiopathic scoliosis
- Kyphosis: excessive curve in lumbar spine, slack tummy muscles, protruding buttocks
Mucoid Secretions
- Clear: COPD
- Yellow: acute lower respiratory tract infection/asthma
Chest Landmarks
- Accurate localization and count of first rib, first intercostal space, second rib, second intercostal space
Thoracic/Chest Landmark
- Apex: where the upper lobe begins
- Base: broad, concave, and rests upon the convex surface of the diaphragm
- Three lobes to the right, two lobes to the left
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Description
This quiz covers the interpretation of percussion sounds during lung examination. Learn about the sounds produced by normal lung tissue, hyperresonance, tympany, dullness, and flatness, and their association with various lung conditions such as bronchitis, COPD, pneumothorax, and gastric air bubble.
