18 Questions
What is the likely primary cause of the 55-year-old patient's pH of 7.28, PaCO2 of 90, and HCO3 of 44?
Respiratory acidosis
In the case of the 22-year-old patient with a pH of 7.55, PaCO2 of 20, and HCO3 of 24, what is the likely primary cause?
Respiratory alkalosis
For the 33-year-old patient with a pH of 6.95, PaCO2 of 17, and HCO3 of 6, what is the likely primary cause of the acidosis?
Metabolic acidosis
What is the probable diagnosis for the 65-year-old with a pH of 7.17, PaCO2 of 75, and HCO3 of 28?
Respiratory acidosis
In the case of the 72-year-old patient with a pH of 7.55, PaCO2 of 50, and HCO3 of 40, what is the likely primary cause?
Metabolic alkalosis
Which condition is indicated in the 33-year-old patient with DKA based on a pH of 6.95, PaCO2 of 17, and HCO3 of 6?
Metabolic acidosis
What is the main principle behind the concept of anion gap?
Relationship between unmeasured anions and acids
In metabolic acidosis with a widened anion gap, which of the following is most likely responsible?
Toxic alcohol ingestion
Which of the following conditions is associated with metabolic alkalosis?
Vomiting
What is the key difference between respiratory compensation and metabolic compensation in acid-base disturbances?
Speed of compensation
Which common condition is most likely to cause a normal anion gap acidosis?
Aldosterone antagonists
How does the presence of unmeasured anions affect the anion gap in metabolic acidosis?
Increases the anion gap
Which of the following conditions can lead to respiratory acidosis?
Obstructive lung diseases like COPD or obstructive sleep apnea
What is the primary cause of metabolic acidosis?
Increased production of endogenous acids like ketoacids or lactic acid
Which of the following conditions can lead to respiratory alkalosis?
Hyperventilation due to pain, anxiety, or hypoxia
What is a potential cause of metabolic alkalosis?
Excessive vomiting leading to loss of hydrochloric acid
Which of the following is a characteristic feature of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA)?
Increased production of endogenous acids like ketoacids
Which of the following conditions can lead to a compensatory respiratory alkalosis?
Metabolic acidosis due to diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA)
Learn to interpret blood gas results like ECGs and CXRs, understand the physiology behind them, and practice with a case of a 65-year-old patient presenting with increased shortness of breath. Test your knowledge and repeat the process to improve your skills.
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