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Arterial Blood Gas Analysis Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is the purpose of measuring Base Excess (BE)?

To understand how much acid or alkaline correction is needed for a pH of 7.4. (correct)

To determine the amount of bicarbonate in the system.

To assess the patient's respiratory rate.

To measure the patient's temperature.

Which artery is preferred for arterial blood sampling?

Femoral artery.

Subclavian artery.

Brachial artery.

Radial artery. (correct)

How can respiratory acidosis be identified through blood analysis?

By a decrease in pH with increased CO2 levels. (correct)

By a normal pH with high bicarbonate levels.

By an increase in pH with normal CO2 levels.

By an increase in bicarbonate levels without a change in CO2.

What must be done promptly after arterial blood sampling?

Ensure the sample doesn't metabolize and clot up. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following additions may complicate the metabolic assessment?

Glucose, potassium, and calcium levels. Signup and view all the answers

What is primarily measured in arterial blood gas analysis?

Partial pressure of gases Signup and view all the answers

Which organ is responsible for excreting bicarbonate to maintain blood pH?

Kidneys Signup and view all the answers

What is the normal pH range for arterial blood?

7.35 - 7.45 Signup and view all the answers

Which partial pressure indicates a state of alkalosis in arterial blood?

PaCO2 ≤ 4.7 Kpa Signup and view all the answers

What condition arises when the kidneys cannot produce enough bicarbonate?

Acidosis Signup and view all the answers

What happens to patients that are hyperventilated?

Decreased CO2 levels Signup and view all the answers

What is the normal range for bicarbonate (HCO3) in mmol?

22 - 26 Signup and view all the answers

Which physiological process directly affects blood pH through the removal of CO2?

Respiration Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Arterial Blood Gas Analysis

Arterial blood gases (ABGs) measure gases in arterial blood, specifically partial pressures (Pa).
The pH of the blood must be maintained at a precise level for organ function.
Lungs: Respiration (ventilation rate and depth) affects blood CO2 levels.
Kidneys: Produce bicarbonate (HCO3-) to buffer excess hydrogen (acidic) ions.
Normal pH range is 7.35-7.45.
PaO2: Normal range is 10-13 kPa. A lower reading may indicate breathing issues.
PaCO2: Normal range is 4.7-6.0 kPa. Higher/lower values can indicate respiratory issues (acidosis/alkalosis).
HCO3-: Normal range is 22-26 mmol/L. Low values may suggest metabolic acidosis
Base Excess (BE): Shows how much acid or alkali is needed to correct the pH to 7.4. +2mmol = metabolic alkalosis, -2mmol = metabolic acidosis.

Obtaining ABG Samples

Samples are ideally collected from radial or peripheral arteries.
Central arteries carry higher infection risks.
Essential information to document includes the patient's oxygen saturation, ventilation details, and temperature.

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Description

Test your knowledge of arterial blood gas (ABG) analysis, including the interpretation of pH levels, partial pressures, and bicarbonate values. Understand the physiological implications of ABG measurements and the techniques for obtaining samples. This quiz is essential for anyone studying respiratory and metabolic functions.