Internet and World Wide Web

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Questions and Answers

What is the Internet's primary function?

  • To manage local area networks.
  • To develop mobile applications.
  • To connect billions of computers worldwide. (correct)
  • To design computer hardware.

Which protocol suite does the Internet primarily use to connect computers?

  • FTP/SFTP
  • SMTP/IMAP
  • HTTP/HTTPS
  • TCP/IP (correct)

Which of these technologies are used to set up the Internet?

  • Exclusively copper cables
  • Only satellite connections
  • Optical fibers and wireless technologies (correct)
  • Primarily coaxial cables

What was considered the fastest way to exchange information at the time this content was written?

<p>Email over the Internet (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who is believed to have developed the Internet?

<p>Defense Advanced Projects Agency (DARPA) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of a client in the context of the internet?

<p>A device connected to the internet, such as a laptop. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of an IP address?

<p>To uniquely identify a device on the internet. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what year was the Internet first connected, according to this content?

<p>1969 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is the Internet referred to as a network?

<p>Because it connects computers across the world using various communication devices. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a server in the context of the internet?

<p>A large computer that stores websites. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role does the Internet play in relation to the World Wide Web?

<p>The Internet is the backbone of the web, providing the infrastructure. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a domain name?

<p>To represent an IP address in a human-readable format. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What best describes DNS (Domain Name Server)?

<p>A system for converting domain names to IP addresses. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What initiates the process of accessing a website after you type the domain name in your browser?

<p>Your browser sends a request to the DNS server. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is data typically transmitted across the internet over long distances?

<p>Through optical fiber cables. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a data center?

<p>A place where a large number of servers are stored. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What converts light signals from an optical fiber into electrical signals?

<p>Router (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What form of waves is used to transmit signals from a cell tower to a cell phone for wireless internet?

<p>Electromagnetic waves (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which organization manages IP address assignments and domain name registration?

<p>ICANN (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the format in which data is sent over the internet?

<p>Binary (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the small pieces into which data is divided for faster transmission over the internet called?

<p>Packets (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a use of the internet?

<p>Instant messaging (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which technology allows you to get directions to almost any place in a city using the internet?

<p>GPS (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of online service allows you to check your balance and transfer money?

<p>Online banking (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a benefit of using an intranet?

<p>Real-time information sharing (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key component of an intranet?

<p>A web server (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does an intranet platform enable?

<p>Seamless operation of communication tools and databases (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can remote users typically access an intranet?

<p>Through a virtual private network (VPN) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a potential disadvantage of an intranet?

<p>Potential for document duplication (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a risk if the firewall is not properly installed or working?

<p>Hacking by unauthorized individuals (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of applications within an intranet?

<p>To enable smooth user workflow and communication (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of an intranet?

<p>To facilitate communication and data sharing within an organization (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why are high-security passwords required for intranets?

<p>To prevent hacking by outside users (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which protocol is the intranet based on?

<p>TCP/IP (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What security measure protects an intranet from unauthorized external access?

<p>A firewall (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Compared to the internet, how safe is the intranet?

<p>More safe (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does an intranet streamline communication within a company?

<p>By enabling instant data and information sharing among employees (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is needed for authorized users to access the intranet?

<p>A connection to its LAN (Local Area Network) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What benefit does an intranet provide in terms of business operations?

<p>It provides a secure space to store and develop applications. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Before new ideas are uploaded on a company's internet webpage, what platform can be used for testing?

<p>Intranet (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What security measures are typically required for users to access an extranet?

<p>IDs, passwords, and other authentication mechanisms. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is an extranet typically established to ensure data security?

<p>In the form of a Virtual Private Network (VPN). (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which protocol is used for secure transactions in an extranet, providing an extra layer to TCP/IP?

<p>Internet Protocol Security Architecture (IPSEC) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one measure taken to provide more security to the Intranet?

<p>Firewall. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential limitation of hosting extranet pages on your own server?

<p>It requires a high bandwidth internet connection, which can be expensive. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Besides a firewall, what else can prevent unauthorized users from accessing data stored on a company's server?

<p>Passwords (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Client

A device, like a laptop, connected to the internet but not a server.

Server

A large computer that stores websites and responds to client requests.

IP Address

A unique string of numbers identifying a device on the internet.

Domain Name

A human-readable name that represents an IP address.

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DNS (Domain Name Server)

A system that translates domain names into IP addresses.

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ISP (Internet Service Provider)

A company that provides internet access to clients.

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Data Center

A physical location where many servers are stored and managed.

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Optical Fiber Cables

Cables that transmit data as light pulses over long distances.

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Internet

A global network connecting billions of computers worldwide.

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TCP/IP

Standard internet protocol suite that connects computers.

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Hardware used in Internet

Includes cables like fiber optics and wireless technologies.

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World Wide Web (WWW)

A network of information accessed via the internet.

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Router

Device that directs data traffic between networks.

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Intranet

A private network using internet technology.

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Extranet

An extension of an intranet that allows access to outsiders.

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DARPA

Agency that developed the early internet.

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Authorized Users

Individuals granted access to intranet resources.

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Firewall

A security system that monitors network traffic.

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LAN (Local Area Network)

A network that connects computers within a limited area.

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Benefits of Intranet

Cost-effective, secure, and improves communication and efficiency.

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Secure Storage

A feature of intranet for safely storing confidential data.

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Testing Platform

A space within intranet to trial new ideas before going live.

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Optical Fiber

A medium that transmits data as light signals.

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Ethernet Cable

A cable that transmits electrical signals to devices.

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ICANN

Organization that manages IP addresses and domain names.

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Binary Data

Data represented in 0s and 1s for processing.

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Data Packets

Small pieces of binary data sent over the internet.

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Instant Messaging

Real-time text communication over the internet.

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Online Banking

Banking services accessed via the internet.

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Cloud Computing

Accessing and storing data on the internet instead of local drives.

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Intranet Components

The three main parts of an intranet: web server, platform, applications.

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Web Server

Hardware that hosts intranet software and data, managing file requests.

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Intranet Platform

Software that enables communication tools, collaboration apps, and databases.

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Applications in Intranet

Computing tools that enable users to work, communicate, and store information.

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Remote Access to Intranet

Users can access the intranet via VPN when working remotely.

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Intranet Security Concerns

Possible issues such as hacking due to firewall failures or needing high-security passwords.

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Intranet Benefits

Real-time information sharing, project management, and employee motivation.

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Intranet Setup Challenges

Costs, complexity, and potential for document duplication may arise.

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Virtual Private Network (VPN)

A service that creates a secure connection over the internet.

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Internet Protocol Security (IPSEC)

A protocol that guarantees secure data transmission over the internet.

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Authentication Mechanisms

Methods used to verify users' identities accessing the network.

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Bandwidth

The amount of data that can be transmitted over an internet connection.

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Security Threats

Potential risks that can compromise the integrity of the network.

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Data Encapsulation

Wrapping data packets into a new packet for safe transmission.

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Study Notes

The Internet and the World Wide Web

  • Internet connects billions of computers globally, using TCP/IP protocols.
  • The internet uses various technologies, including optical fibers and wireless connections (3G, 4G, Wi-Fi).
  • The internet is a network of networks, connecting computers and servers across the world, through routers, switches, and communication channels.
  • It was developed by DARPA (Defense Advanced Projects Agency) in the USA, starting in 1969.

How the Internet Works

  • The internet operates using clients and servers.
  • A client (e.g., laptop) connects to the internet through an Internet Service Provider (ISP).
  • Each device is identified by an IP address provided by the ISP.
  • Servers store websites and respond to client requests.
  • Data travels through optical fibres, converting light signals to electrical signals to reach client devices.
  • Data transfer is fast because it is transmitted in binary form (0s and 1s) in packets.
  • Domain names (e.g., youtube.com) are easier for users to remember than IP addresses and are translated by DNS servers.

Intranet

  • A private network within an organization.
  • Designed for internal use (employees, associates).
  • Secure platform for sharing information and data, with only authorized users having access.
  • Can be used for internal communications, announcements, company documents, and applications.
  • More secure than the internet.
  • Usually cheaper and easier to implement.
  • Intranets use web servers, platforms, and applications.

Extranet

  • An extension of a company's intranet.
  • Provides controlled access to specific external resources (customers, suppliers, partners).
  • Securely shares internal information with external parties (trading partners, customers, etc.)
  • Uses internet protocols, especially VPN connections.
  • This allows secure access to information.

Advantages and Disadvantages of the Internet/Intranet/Extranet

  • Internet:*
  • Advantages: Instant messaging, online shopping, online banking, etc.
  • Disadvantages: Less secure, need an internet connection, possible security risks.
  • Intranet:*
  • Advantages: Secure, internal communication, information sharing amongst authorized users.
  • Disadvantages: Limited to the organization's internal network, more challenging to share information beyond the organization.
  • Extranet:*
  • Advantages: Secure access to external parties or customers, sharing information with strategic partners.
  • Disadvantages: Security vulnerabilities.

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