Interleukin 6 and Its Functions

A protein released by immune cells, primarily monocytes and their descendants, that triggers inflammation.

Cells that engulf and destroy foreign invaders and cellular debris.

TNF-α stimulates these cells to release pro-inflammatory cytokines.

A type of inflammatory response that lasts for a long time.

A group of immune-related diseases involving inflammation of the joints.

TNF-α plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of many autoimmune conditions.

A molecule that signals between cells, initiating various physiological responses, often associated with inflammation.

TNF-α triggers and amplifies the inflammatory response.

A protein that signals between cells, promoting inflammation and immune responses. It's produced by various immune cells, especially macrophages, in response to microbial molecules.

A rapid and coordinated response to infection or injury, involving the release of inflammatory mediators, like IL-6, to protect the body.

IL-6 plays a role in the development and progression of numerous diseases, including diabetes, atherosclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, and systemic lupus erythematosus.

Interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra) is a naturally occurring protein that competes with and inhibits the inflammatory effects of Interleukin-1 (IL-1), a powerful inflammatory cytokine.

Anakinra is a recombinant human IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra) protein that acts as a decoy to prevent IL-1 from triggering inflammation. Similar to IL-1Ra, it binds to the IL-1 receptor and blocks the signal.

Canakinumab is a monoclonal antibody that specifically targets IL-1β, a specific type of Interleukin-1, involved in the inflammatory process. It works by neutralizing IL-1β, preventing its binding to its receptor and thus reducing inflammation.

Rilonacept is a fusion protein composed of parts of the IL-1 receptor and its accessory protein, coupled to an antibody fragment. This allows it to bind and neutralize both IL-1α and IL-1β, effectively blocking their inflammatory effects.

IL-1β-targeted therapies are medications specifically designed to block the activity of Interleukin-1β, a key inflammatory mediator. These drugs work by interfering with IL-1β's signaling pathway, reducing inflammation and potentially improving symptoms in various inflammatory and autoimmune diseases.

A type of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) characterized by inflammation and ulcers in the colon.

A type of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) affecting any part of the digestive tract from mouth to anus, causing inflammation and ulcers.

A chronic autoimmune disease affecting the joints, skin, and other organs, characterized by inflammation.

A cytokine that plays a role in inflammation and autoimmune disorders.

A type of immune cell that helps regulate the immune response and is involved in inflammation.

A protein that binds to the p40 subunit of both IL-12 and IL-23, preventing them from activating their receptors.

A protein that selectively binds to the p19 subunit of IL-23, preventing it from initiating inflammation.

A protein that binds to the p19 subunit of IL-23, preventing its action on the IL-23 receptor.

A protein that binds to the p19 subunit of IL-23 and neutralizes its ability to cause inflammation.

A protein that binds to the p19 subunit of IL-23 and inhibits its activity, currently under investigation for various inflammatory conditions.

A type of antibody therapy designed specifically to target and eliminate B cells, contributing to the suppression of the immune response.

A type of immunotherapy that helps the immune system recognize and attack cancer cells. It uses antibodies to target specific proteins on the surface of cancer cells, leading to their destruction.

A type of immunotherapy that helps the immune system recognize and attack cancer cells. It uses antibodies to target specific proteins on the surface of cancer cells, leading to their destruction.

A sugar molecule that is often found on antibodies. Decreasing the fucose content on an antibody enhances its ability to trigger ADCC and ADCP, making it more effective at eliminating targeted cells.

A process used to modify antibodies to make them more effective. This typically involves reducing fucose content, enhancing their ability to trigger ADCC and ADCP.

A type of cell that plays a key role in the immune response. They are responsible for producing antibodies, which help to fight infections and other diseases.

A type of antibody therapy that targets and blocks the activity of B cell activating factor (BAFF), which is a protein involved in B cell development and survival.

A type of monoclonal antibody therapy that directly binds to and neutralizes the cytokine B cell activating factor (BAFF), preventing its interaction with B cells and reducing their activation.

A monoclonal antibody therapy used to treat multiple sclerosis (MS) that targets the CD20 antigen on B cells. It is a human IgG1 antibody produced in a murine cell line (NS0).

A monoclonal antibody used to treat multiple sclerosis (MS). It is a chimeric IgG1 antibody produced in a rat cell line (YB2/0). It has a low fucose content, enhancing antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC).

A humanized afucosylated IgG1 monoclonal antibody used to treat neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD). It binds to CD19, a B-cell surface antigen, and triggers cell death.

A type of monoclonal antibody that is modified to be more similar to human antibodies, reducing the risk of an immune response.