Intelligence (all notes)

<p>It influences how we perceive and interact with others. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Intelligence influences our perceptions and actions in various domains of life. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A general mental ability that influences performance across different cognitive tasks. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A specific skill for excelling in academic settings. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The process of defining an abstract concept in a measurable and observable way. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A child believing that someone who speaks fluently must be intelligent. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A theoretical entity that is not directly observable but can be inferred from its effects. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Boxology is a term for the process of creating categories and structures for hypothetical constructs. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Fluid intelligence refers to the capacity to learn and adapt to new situations, while general intelligence is a broader concept. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Our current understanding of the brain is limited, and neural activity is hard to observe directly. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The lack of a comprehensive understanding of the brain's mechanisms for processing information. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To understand how individuals perceive and evaluate intelligence in themselves and others. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The WAIS assesses practical abilities, while the Raven's Matrices focus on abstract reasoning. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Using IQ scores to predict future success in specific career fields. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A steady increase in intelligence scores across generations. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Intelligence is a single, general ability, with specific skills contributing to its overall score. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The measure should have a strong relationship with demographic variables like age and gender. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To determine the underlying structure of a set of variables and their relationships. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To quantify and understand the complex psychological process behind these constructs. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>By conducting psychometric studies and analyzing the relationships between various skills and abilities. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The extent to which the test items accurately reflect the construct of intelligence. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The accumulated knowledge, skills, and experiences gained over time. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Gardner's theory of multiple intelligences (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The study of measurement and quantification of psychological phenomena. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The items are measuring different aspects of the same underlying construct. (A), The items are measuring different aspects of the same underlying construct. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The two tests have a high correlation, despite their vastly different content. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Mediterranean diet (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>1932 and 2015 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>57 years (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>High blood pressure, diabetes, lung disease, congestive heart failure, and stroke. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cultural background (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Social isolation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A 15 IQ point advantage was associated with a 24% lower risk of death. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Education level and adult socioeconomic status. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To explain how intelligence can buffer against the effects of brain damage and decline. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>1997 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They tend to be more introverted and prefer to rely on books than personal connections. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Multiple countries across the globe. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>There was a strong correlation suggesting a high level of predictive power. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>One third to one half of the variance. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Shared genes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Inductive reasoning (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Picture completion (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>By requiring recall and sequence reversal of numbers (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>More efficient (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Information processing speed (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>An overarching measure of general intelligence (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To match symbols to numbers (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Normally distributed (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cancellation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It assesses intelligence using a variety of tests and difficulty levels. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It helps in validating the test's effectiveness (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It focuses primarily on abstract reasoning. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Emphasized a range of cognitive abilities (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Relative standing compared to age peers (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ability to recall sequences in a specified order (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Profiling a child’s patients in a clinic (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Physical agility (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Performance tests require time-based tasks (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Participants must memorize and recall number sequences (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Information (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>15 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Symbol search (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Logical pattern recognition (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Inclusion of a variety of cognitive factors (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cultural context can influence word definitions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>'Intelligence' is a broader concept encompassing various cognitive abilities, while 'g-factor' refers specifically to a statistically derived measure of general cognitive ability. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Godfrey Thomson (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A cognitive condition characterized by exceptional memory and highly developed cognitive abilities in specific areas. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Savant syndrome challenges the simplistic view of a single 'g-factor' by demonstrating exceptional abilities in specific areas despite a low IQ score. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>'g-factor' and 'general mental ability' (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Psychology (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It provided a large dataset of intelligence scores over time, allowing researchers to study how intelligence changes with age. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Examining how intelligence changes throughout the lifespan. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It is more important to measure something that is truly significant, regardless of its label. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>There is no universally accepted definition of intelligence. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Children's age (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Intelligence quotient (IQ) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It is hard to assess. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The individual lies in the top 2.5% for their age group. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Stanford-Binet Test (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It is an ordinal measure without a true zero. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The Beta test was tailored for illiterate individuals. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Public opinion of mental tests improved significantly. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They provided complex data that was hard to interpret. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Counting instances of physical altercations, such as shoving. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Intellectual competence based on age. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Considered advanced in intelligence. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It included additional items and more participants. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Developmental differences become less pronounced. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Focusing on hereditary and environmental influences. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cognitive Ability Test (CAT) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It was a controversial and ultimately unsuccessful system due to lack of resources and competition for limited places. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They provide a way to measure intelligence independently of learned information, relying on basic cognitive processes. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Fluid intelligence (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The correlations between different factors are positive, suggesting a common underlying factor. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To provide a framework for understanding the hierarchical structure of human cognitive abilities. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Reaction times are fairly well correlated with general intelligence, suggesting a link between processing speed and cognitive ability. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Exploring the link between intelligence and socioeconomic factors in individual development. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To assess student progress and track school performance, rather than specifically measuring intelligence. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Psychometric intelligence scores at 11 years old should be considered alongside other factors when predicting future outcomes. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Western cultures place more emphasis on speed of mental processing and information assimilation, while Eastern cultures incorporate social, historical, and spiritual aspects. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Seeks advice from others. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Conceptions of intelligent behavior change depending on the age of the person being evaluated. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They highlighted the importance of relevance and contextual appropriateness in how we perceive intelligence across the lifespan. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Conceptions of intelligence are profoundly influenced by cultural and disciplinary contexts. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Intelligence is a significant factor in social interactions and relationships. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Intelligence is a multifaceted concept that varies across cultures, disciplines, and age groups. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Implicit theories of intelligence vary across academic disciplines, reflecting specific values and priorities. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Conceptions of intelligence shape our expectations, judgments, and interactions with others. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Implicit theories of intelligence can serve as a starting point for developing and refining formal theories. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Our conceptions of intelligence evolve over time, reflecting changing needs and priorities. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Intelligence is a complex and multifaceted concept that necessitates nuanced understanding. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Intelligence is culturally constructed and influenced by social contexts. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It proposes a limited number of independent mental abilities, neglecting a broader spectrum. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Specific factors (s) are independent from the general factor (g) in determining individual performance. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It suggests that specific cognitive abilities are independent of 'g'. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Fluid intelligence is associated with problem-solving, while crystallized intelligence is associated with acquired knowledge. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A historian accurately recalling historical events. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cognitive Approach (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They focus on simple cognitive processes like perception, discrimination, and retrieval. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Thurstone's theory represents a departure from Spearman's, emphasizing multiple primary abilities but suggesting that 'g' might be a factor underlying these abilities. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Confidence and self-belief during the test. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Examines how people answer intelligence test items and the mental processes involved. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Crystallized intelligence is significantly influenced by cultural factors, reflecting learned knowledge and skills. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It is not culturally fair, potentially favoring some cultural groups over others. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Directly influenced by working memory, with strong correlations between the two. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They challenged traditional views of intelligence, suggesting multiple factors rather than a single, overarching entity. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The failure to address the potential influence of cultural factors on intellectual development. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Variations in personal interests and motivations. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The two approaches are complementary, with the Psychometric Approach providing structural insights and the Cognitive Approach focusing on internal processing. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>He mistakenly believed that these senses were directly linked to intelligence, a misconception that was later disproven by later researchers. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To demonstrate that intelligence can be quantified and measured objectively. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Wissler's research showed that Cattell's tests failed to predict academic performance, which was a major concern for educators at the time. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Binet emphasized the importance of measuring cognitive abilities that are relevant to everyday life and school success (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The influence of Galton's work on the importance of sensory abilities in intelligence measurement. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It introduced the concept of mental age, a measure of a person’s intellectual development relative to their chronological age. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>IQ tests measure a variety of cognitive abilities, and the distribution of scores on each individual ability tends to be normal. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The attempt to identify specific personality traits that are strongly associated with intelligence. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It challenged the notion that intelligence can be accurately measured through simple sensory-based tests. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Galton and Cattell used sensory-based tests, while Binet used more complex cognitive tasks. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The majority of scores fall within a relatively narrow range around the mean. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Social and cultural factors can affect how a person performs on an IQ test. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They emphasized simple sensory abilities over more complex cognitive functions. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Early theories of intelligence were limited by the availability of research methods and statistical tools. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The test must be consistent with an independent criterion of intelligence. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To identify students who might benefit from alternative educational provisions. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Problem-solving strategies. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It ensures that the results are statistically significant and can be generalized to a wider population. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers