Integumentary System Study Flashcards

Questions and Answers

What is the integumentary system?

The integumentary system refers to the skin that covers the body.

What are the three parts of the integumentary system?

The three parts of the integumentary system are the skin, hair, and nails.

What are the functions of the integumentary system?

Its main function is to act as a barrier to protect the body from the outside world. It also functions to retain body fluids, protect against disease, eliminate waste products, and regulate body temperature.

List the layers of skin from innermost to outermost.

The innermost layer is the hypodermis, the middle layer is the dermis, and the outermost layer is the epidermis. Signup and view all the answers

What are melanin and carotene?

Melanin is a brownish-black pigment that can influence skin color, while carotene is a yellowish-red pigment that also affects skin color. Signup and view all the answers

What are the two main glands in the skin and what are their functions?

The two main glands are sudoriferous and sebaceous. Sudoriferous glands produce sweat, while sebaceous glands produce sebum to keep skin and hair soft. Signup and view all the answers

What are the two parts of the hair?

The root grows beneath the skin in a follicle, and the shaft protrudes from the skin and is visible. Signup and view all the answers

What is albinism?

Albinism is an abnormal condition in which the skin has no pigment. Signup and view all the answers

What is erythema?

Erythema is a reddish color of the skin that can be caused by burns or blood clotting in the vessels. Signup and view all the answers

What is jaundice?

Jaundice is a yellow color of the skin that can indicate liver or gallbladder disease. Signup and view all the answers

What is a macule?

A macule is a flat, discolored spot on the skin, such as a freckle. Signup and view all the answers

What is a papule?

A papule is a raised, solid area less than 1 cm in diameter. Signup and view all the answers

What is a vesicle?

A vesicle is a raised, fluid-filled sac, such as a blister. Signup and view all the answers

What is a pustule?

A pustule is a pus-filled, raised sac, such as acne. Signup and view all the answers

What is a crust?

A crust is dry pus or blood covering an injury, such as a scab. Signup and view all the answers

What is a wheal?

A wheal is an itchy, raised area with an irregular shape, such as a hive. Signup and view all the answers

What is an ulcer?

An ulcer is an open sore with deep loss of skin surface. Signup and view all the answers

What is acne vulgaris?

Acne vulgaris is a chronic disorder of the sebaceous glands, characterized by excessive sebum production. Signup and view all the answers

What is contact dermatitis?

Contact dermatitis is an inflammation of the skin caused by irritants or allergens. Signup and view all the answers

What is eczema?

Eczema is chronic, noncontagious inflammation of the skin that causes dry, red, itchy, and scaly skin. Signup and view all the answers

What is psoriasis?

Psoriasis is a chronic skin disorder in which too many epidermal cells are produced, leading to red patches covered with silvery-white scales. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Integumentary System Overview

The integumentary system comprises the skin, hair, and nails, protecting the body from external harm.
It serves multiple functions including fluid retention, disease protection, waste elimination, and temperature regulation.

Skin Layers

Skin layers are organized as follows: innermost - hypodermis, middle - dermis, outermost - epidermis.

Skin Pigments

Melanin: A brownish-black pigment responsible for skin color variations; absorbs UV light and forms freckles.
Carotene: A yellowish-red pigment that impacts skin tone.

Skin Glands

Sudoriferous glands: Produce sweat for cooling and waste removal.
Sebaceous glands: Create sebum to moisturize and protect the skin from infections.

Hair Structure

Hair consists of two parts:
- Root, located beneath the skin in a follicle.
- Shaft, visible above the skin surface.

Skin Conditions and Diseases

Albinism: A condition characterized by the absence of skin pigment.
Erythema: Redness of the skin linked to burns or blood vessel issues.
Jaundice: A yellow skin coloration potentially indicating liver or gallbladder problems.
Acne Vulgaris: A chronic condition affecting sebaceous glands, often treated with topical ointments and antibiotics.
Contact Dermatitis: Inflammation due to irritating substances; symptoms include redness and itching.
Eczema: Chronic skin inflammation with symptoms like dry, itchy skin; often treated with hydrocortisone.
Psoriasis: A chronic disorder with overproduction of skin cells, resulting in dry patches with silvery scales.

Skin Lesions

Macule: Flat, discolored area on the skin, e.g., freckle.
Papule: Raised area less than 1 cm in diameter.
Vesicle: Fluid-filled sac, e.g., blister.
Pustule: Raised, pus-filled sac, e.g., acne.
Crust: Dried pus or blood on an injury, e.g., scab.
Wheal: Itchy, raised area with an irregular shape, e.g., hive.
Ulcer: Open sore with significant skin surface loss.

Additional Notes

Treatment for skin disorders often involves identifying irritants, applying topicals, and sometimes utilizing ultraviolet light exposure.

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Description

This quiz provides a comprehensive overview of the integumentary system, covering key terms, parts, and functions. Essential for students in biology and health sciences, it aims to reinforce your understanding of the skin, hair, and nails. Test your knowledge and prepare for exams with these informative flashcards.