Questions and Answers
What is the integumentary system?
The integumentary system refers to the skin that covers the body.
What are the three parts of the integumentary system?
The three parts of the integumentary system are the skin, hair, and nails.
What are the functions of the integumentary system?
Its main function is to act as a barrier to protect the body from the outside world. It also functions to retain body fluids, protect against disease, eliminate waste products, and regulate body temperature.
List the layers of skin from innermost to outermost.
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What are melanin and carotene?
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What are the two main glands in the skin and what are their functions?
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What are the two parts of the hair?
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What is albinism?
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What is erythema?
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What is jaundice?
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What is a macule?
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What is a papule?
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What is a vesicle?
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What is a pustule?
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What is a crust?
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What is a wheal?
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What is an ulcer?
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What is acne vulgaris?
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What is contact dermatitis?
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What is eczema?
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What is psoriasis?
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Study Notes
Integumentary System Overview
- The integumentary system comprises the skin, hair, and nails, protecting the body from external harm.
- It serves multiple functions including fluid retention, disease protection, waste elimination, and temperature regulation.
Skin Layers
- Skin layers are organized as follows: innermost - hypodermis, middle - dermis, outermost - epidermis.
Skin Pigments
- Melanin: A brownish-black pigment responsible for skin color variations; absorbs UV light and forms freckles.
- Carotene: A yellowish-red pigment that impacts skin tone.
Skin Glands
- Sudoriferous glands: Produce sweat for cooling and waste removal.
- Sebaceous glands: Create sebum to moisturize and protect the skin from infections.
Hair Structure
- Hair consists of two parts:
- Root, located beneath the skin in a follicle.
- Shaft, visible above the skin surface.
Skin Conditions and Diseases
- Albinism: A condition characterized by the absence of skin pigment.
- Erythema: Redness of the skin linked to burns or blood vessel issues.
- Jaundice: A yellow skin coloration potentially indicating liver or gallbladder problems.
- Acne Vulgaris: A chronic condition affecting sebaceous glands, often treated with topical ointments and antibiotics.
- Contact Dermatitis: Inflammation due to irritating substances; symptoms include redness and itching.
- Eczema: Chronic skin inflammation with symptoms like dry, itchy skin; often treated with hydrocortisone.
- Psoriasis: A chronic disorder with overproduction of skin cells, resulting in dry patches with silvery scales.
Skin Lesions
- Macule: Flat, discolored area on the skin, e.g., freckle.
- Papule: Raised area less than 1 cm in diameter.
- Vesicle: Fluid-filled sac, e.g., blister.
- Pustule: Raised, pus-filled sac, e.g., acne.
- Crust: Dried pus or blood on an injury, e.g., scab.
- Wheal: Itchy, raised area with an irregular shape, e.g., hive.
- Ulcer: Open sore with significant skin surface loss.
Additional Notes
- Treatment for skin disorders often involves identifying irritants, applying topicals, and sometimes utilizing ultraviolet light exposure.
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Description
This quiz provides a comprehensive overview of the integumentary system, covering key terms, parts, and functions. Essential for students in biology and health sciences, it aims to reinforce your understanding of the skin, hair, and nails. Test your knowledge and prepare for exams with these informative flashcards.