24 Questions
What is the primary function of the epidermis?
To form the outermost layer of the skin and protect against external damage
Which cells in the epidermis are responsible for producing keratin?
Keratinocytes
What is autografting in the context of skin grafting?
Using the patient's own skin for grafting
Which layer of the skin contains collagen bundles, blood vessels, and nerve fibers?
Dermis
What is the primary function of sweat glands in the skin?
To play a role in body temperature regulation by producing sweat
What causes dandruff to occur?
Increased rate of keratinization in the scalp's skin
Which layer of the dermis is rich in capillaries?
Papillary layer
What is the role of melanocytes in the epidermis?
To produce melanin, the pigment responsible for skin color
What is the composition of the subcutaneous tissue layer?
Dense connective tissue and adipose tissue
Where are new skin cells generated from?
Stem (basal) cells
What do nails grow from?
Epidermis
What is a characteristic feature of the reticular layer of dermis?
Contains collagen bundles and elastic fibers
Which tissue type is NOT found in the skin?
Muscular
What is the function of melanin in the skin?
Protection against the sun's rays and gives skin color
What is the origin of the epidermis layer of the skin?
Ectoderm
What is the function of subcutaneous tissue?
Absorption of ultraviolet radiation for synthesis of vitamin D
What is the approximate surface area of the skin in an adult?
1.8 square meters (m2)
Which glands are located in the dermis layer of the skin?
Sweat glands and sebaceous glands
What percentage of the average human's weight does the skin account for?
15%
What is the primary function of the integumentary system?
Thermoregulation
What does 'subcutaneous' mean in relation to the skin?
Below the skin
What gives the skin its waterproof feature?
Keratin layer
What is contained in the hypodermis layer?
Fatty loose connective tissue layer
What is the role of sweat glands in the skin?
Excretion of sweat
Study Notes
- The epidermis is a layer of stratified squamous epithelium that forms the outermost layer of the skin.
- New skin cells are generated from stem (basal) cells in the deepest layer of the epidermis.
- Autografting is the process of using a patient's own skin for grafting, while allografting involves using skin from another person.
- The epidermis contains keratinocytes, which produce keratin, a waterproof protein that hardens and flattens as cells reach the surface.
- Dandruff occurs when the rate of keratinization in the skin of the scalp is increased.
- The epidermis also contains specialized cells: dendritic cells (macrophages) that stimulate the immune system, and melanocytes that produce melanin, the pigment responsible for skin color.
- The dermis is the layer of dense connective tissue beneath the epidermis, made up of collagen bundles, elastic fibers, blood vessels, lymphatics, and nerve fibers.
- The dermis can be divided into the papillary layer, which is rich in capillaries, and the reticular layer, which contains the dense collagen fibers.
- The subcutaneous tissue layer is composed of loose connective tissue and adipose tissue, providing insulation and protective padding.
- Accessory organs of the skin include nails, which grow from epithelial cells and are protected by the cuticle, and hair follicles, which secrete sebum for lubrication and contain melanocytes for pigmentation.
- Sweat glands are tubules that open onto the surface of the skin and play a role in body temperature regulation by producing sweat.
By Ahmed Safaa Telegram channel : https://t.me/mcqb2
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