Integumentary System Overview Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is another name for the system that is composed of the skin and its accessory structures?

Integumentary

List the functions of the skin.

  • Protect from injuries
  • Acts as a barrier and regulates what enters/leaves the body
  • Regulates body temperature
  • Synthesizes, stores vitamins
  • Sensory functions

What type of tissue primarily composes the epidermis?

Epithelial

What type of tissue is primarily found in the dermis?

<p>Fibrous connective tissue</p> Signup and view all the answers

From the innermost layer to the outermost layer, list the layers of the epidermal tissue.

<ul> <li>Stratum basal</li> <li>Stratum spinosum</li> <li>Stratum granulosum</li> <li>Stratum lucidum</li> <li>Stratum corneum</li> </ul> Signup and view all the answers

Where on the body is the skin composed of 5 layers of epidermal tissue?

<p>Palms and soles</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a Langerhan cell, and what is its function? Which layer of the skin are they found?

<p>Fight pathogens and help with the immune response; stratum spinosum</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are melanocytes? Where are they found? Explain why we have variation in skin color among people.

<p>Produce melanin which makes up a person's skin color; epidermis; protect from UV rays; some are more active than others, same number for everyone</p> Signup and view all the answers

Explain how UV exposure affects melanin production.

<p>Increased melanin happens when the skin is exposed to the sun</p> Signup and view all the answers

Explain why it is important to be exposed to the sun. Why is it dangerous?

<p>We need vitamin D; too much calcium is bad, over time could get cancer</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of cell produces collagen and elastin fibers? What is the role of collagen and elastin in the dermis?

<p>Fibroblasts; strength and elasticity</p> Signup and view all the answers

Explain the importance of the papillary layer.

<p>Contains a thin arrangement of collagen fibers</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the accessory structures found in the dermis?

<ul> <li>Hair</li> <li>Glands</li> <li>Nails</li> <li>Sensory receptors</li> </ul> Signup and view all the answers

How are hair follicles similar to the epidermis?

<p>Both are dead keratinized cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where does mitosis take place in hair?

<p>The root</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the functions of hair in humans?

<ul> <li>Eyelashes and eyebrows: keep dust and perspiration out of the eyes</li> <li>Nasal cavity hairs: keep dust out of the nasal cavities</li> <li>Scalp hair: provides insulation from the cold</li> </ul> Signup and view all the answers

Where does mitosis take place on the nail? Explain how the hard 'nail' is formed.

<p>Nail root; nail bed is made of live tissue</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the different types of receptors found in the dermis? Which are encapsulated or free?

<p>Free: heat, cold, and pain Encapsulated: touch and pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

Explain how the receptors 'communicate' what they are sensing.

<p>Via peripheral to central nervous system; prevent skin drying out and protection</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of tissue makes up glands?

<p>Epithelial</p> Signup and view all the answers

What's the substance sebaceous glands secrete?

<p>Sebum (aka oil)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where are sebaceous glands located?

<p>Hair follicle</p> Signup and view all the answers

What's the function of sebaceous glands?

<p>Prevents cracks on the skin</p> Signup and view all the answers

What's the substance ceruminous glands secrete?

<p>Cerumen (aka ear wax)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where are ceruminous glands located?

<p>Dermis of ear canals</p> Signup and view all the answers

What's the function of ceruminous glands?

<p>Keeps the outer surface of the ear drum pliable and prevents drying</p> Signup and view all the answers

What's the substance apocrine glands secrete?

<p>Sweat</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where are apocrine glands located?

<p>Axillary region and genitals</p> Signup and view all the answers

What's the function of apocrine glands?

<p>Caused from being nervous or stressed</p> Signup and view all the answers

What's the substance eccrine glands secrete?

<p>Coiled tube in the dermis (sweat)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where are eccrine glands located?

<p>Forehead, upper lip, palms, and soles</p> Signup and view all the answers

What's the function of eccrine glands?

<p>Maintains normal body temperature</p> Signup and view all the answers

Explain the importance of vasoconstriction and vasodilation in terms of maintaining a normal body temperature.

<ul> <li>Vasoconstriction: traps body heat (when it's cold)</li> <li>Vasodilation: opens up (when it's hot)</li> </ul> Signup and view all the answers

What is the subcutaneous tissue composed of? What is its function?

<p>Areolar and adipose; cushioning and passing</p> Signup and view all the answers

Explain how people's skin ages.

<p>Lose collagen and elastin</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Integumentary System Overview

  • Also known as the integumentary system, it includes the skin and its accessory structures, such as hair and glands.

Functions of the Skin

  • Protects against injuries and pathogens.
  • Acts as a barrier to regulate substance exchange.
  • Maintains body temperature through various mechanisms.
  • Synthesizes and stores vitamins.
  • Provides sensory functions, detecting various stimuli.

Skin Structure

  • The epidermis is primarily composed of epithelial tissue.
  • The dermis consists mainly of fibrous connective tissue.

Epidermis Layers

  • Stratum Basal: Deepest layer with a single row of cells attached to dermis.
  • Stratum Spinosum: Spiny layer, mitosis occurs less frequently here.
  • Stratum Granulosum: Thin layer with 2-3 layers of flattened cells.
  • Stratum Lucidum: Clear, thin translucent band above granulosum.
  • Stratum Corneum: Outermost layer, 20-30 cells thick, providing protection.

Specialized Epidermal Features

  • Skin on palms and soles has five layers of epidermal tissue.
  • Langerhans cells (in stratum spinosum) combat pathogens and support immune response.
  • Melanocytes, located in the epidermis, produce melanin, influencing skin color variation due to differing activity levels.

UV Exposure and Skin Health

  • UV exposure increases melanin production, leading to tanning.
  • Adequate sunlight is essential for vitamin D synthesis; excessive exposure can increase cancer risk.

Dermis Composition

  • Fibroblasts in the dermis produce collagen and elastin, providing strength and elasticity.
  • The papillary layer contains a thin arrangement of collagen fibers, crucial for skin structure.

Accessory Structures in Dermis

  • The dermis houses hair, glands, nails, and sensory receptors.
  • Hair follicles are made up of dead keratinized cells, similar to the epidermis.
  • Mitosis occurs at the root of hair for growth.

Functions and Structures of Hair

  • Eyelash and eyebrow hairs keep debris out of the eyes.
  • Nasal cavity hairs filter out dust.
  • Scalp hair provides insulation from cold.

Nails

  • Mitosis occurs at the nail root, forming the hard nail through the nail bed made of live tissue.

Sensory Receptors in Dermis

  • Free receptors: detect heat, cold, and pain.
  • Encapsulated receptors: respond to touch and pressure.
  • Receptors communicate sensory information to the central nervous system, aiding in skin protection and moisture maintenance.

Glands in Integumentary System

  • Glands are composed of epithelial tissue and include:
    • Sebaceous glands: secrete sebum (oil), preventing skin cracks, located in hair follicles.
    • Ceruminous glands: produce cerumen (ear wax), found in dermis of ear canals, keeping the eardrum pliable.
    • Apocrine glands: secrete sweat, located in axillary and genital areas, often activated by stress.
    • Eccrine glands: produce sweat, located on the forehead, upper lip, palms, and soles, maintaining body temperature.

Thermoregulation

  • Vasoconstriction helps trap body heat in cold conditions.
  • Vasodilation allows heat to escape in hot conditions, aiding temperature regulation.

Subcutaneous Tissue

  • Composed of areolar and adipose tissue, it provides cushioning and facilitates movement.

Skin Aging

  • Aging skin results in loss of collagen and elastin, leading to decreased elasticity and strength.

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Description

Test your knowledge on the integumentary system, including its functions, structures, and the layers of the epidermis. This quiz will cover key concepts related to skin anatomy and physiology. Perfect for students studying biology or allied health professions.

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