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Questions and Answers
Insulin glargine is soluble at physiological pH.
Insulin glargine is soluble at physiological pH.
False
The onset of action of insulin glargine is approximately 1.1 hours.
The onset of action of insulin glargine is approximately 1.1 hours.
True
Insulin glargine provides a peak concentration similar to NPH insulin.
Insulin glargine provides a peak concentration similar to NPH insulin.
False
Insulin glargine should be administered multiple times per day.
Insulin glargine should be administered multiple times per day.
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Mixing insulin glargine with other insulins is recommended for better efficacy.
Mixing insulin glargine with other insulins is recommended for better efficacy.
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The duration of action of insulin glargine is shorter than NPH insulin.
The duration of action of insulin glargine is shorter than NPH insulin.
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Insulin lispro, insulin aspart, and insulin glulisine have ultra-rapid onset with short duration of action.
Insulin lispro, insulin aspart, and insulin glulisine have ultra-rapid onset with short duration of action.
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NPH insulin has an onset of 2 hours and a peak at 68 hours.
NPH insulin has an onset of 2 hours and a peak at 68 hours.
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The term 'isophane' was coined to reflect that NPH insulin contains insulin, zinc, and protamine.
The term 'isophane' was coined to reflect that NPH insulin contains insulin, zinc, and protamine.
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Insulin lispro exists as a hexamer which delays absorption because it dissociates into dimers and trimers.
Insulin lispro exists as a hexamer which delays absorption because it dissociates into dimers and trimers.
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The complex of protamine, zinc, and insulin in NPH insulin is formulated at acidic pH.
The complex of protamine, zinc, and insulin in NPH insulin is formulated at acidic pH.
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Insulin glargine, insulin detemir, and insulin degludec have an intermediate onset with extended action.
Insulin glargine, insulin detemir, and insulin degludec have an intermediate onset with extended action.
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Insulin lispro facilitates the creation of a rapidly absorbed insulin by inverting proline and lysine at positions β28 and β29 in human insulin.
Insulin lispro facilitates the creation of a rapidly absorbed insulin by inverting proline and lysine at positions β28 and β29 in human insulin.
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Insulin aspart prevents aggregation into hexamers and dimers by replacing proline at position β28 with aspartic acid.
Insulin aspart prevents aggregation into hexamers and dimers by replacing proline at position β28 with aspartic acid.
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Insulin glulisine is stable in saline for IV use due to the replacement of lysine with glutamic acid at position β29.
Insulin glulisine is stable in saline for IV use due to the replacement of lysine with glutamic acid at position β29.
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Insulin glulisine enters circulation twice as fast as regular crystalline insulin.
Insulin glulisine enters circulation twice as fast as regular crystalline insulin.
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The clinical use of insulin lispro includes being suitable for dosing on a sliding scale prior to meals.
The clinical use of insulin lispro includes being suitable for dosing on a sliding scale prior to meals.
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The active form of insulin is the dimer according to the text.
The active form of insulin is the dimer according to the text.
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When should intermittent SC injections be given in relation to a meal?
When should intermittent SC injections be given in relation to a meal?
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Which insulin is suitable for IV use in emergencies such as ketoacidosis?
Which insulin is suitable for IV use in emergencies such as ketoacidosis?
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Which insulin has an onset of 30 minutes following subcutaneous injection?
Which insulin has an onset of 30 minutes following subcutaneous injection?
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What is a characteristic of Neutral Protamine Hagedorn (NPH) insulin?
What is a characteristic of Neutral Protamine Hagedorn (NPH) insulin?
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Which type of insulin is not suitable for IV use?
Which type of insulin is not suitable for IV use?
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What onset of action is expected from Insulin glargine?
What onset of action is expected from Insulin glargine?
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Which of the following best describes a potential long-term complication of diabetes?
Which of the following best describes a potential long-term complication of diabetes?
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What is the primary goal of insulin therapy for diabetics?
What is the primary goal of insulin therapy for diabetics?
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What factor determines the rate of insulin release and duration of action from the site of administration?
What factor determines the rate of insulin release and duration of action from the site of administration?
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Which of the following insulin preparations is recommended for patients with extreme insulin resistance?
Which of the following insulin preparations is recommended for patients with extreme insulin resistance?
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What is the purpose of adding protamine to insulin preparations?
What is the purpose of adding protamine to insulin preparations?
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Why is it challenging to meet the insulin demands of a diverse group of diabetic patients?
Why is it challenging to meet the insulin demands of a diverse group of diabetic patients?
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Which insulin administration method prevents the need for numerous daily injections?
Which insulin administration method prevents the need for numerous daily injections?
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Which insulin administration method is effective and convenient for covering mealtime insulin requirements?
Which insulin administration method is effective and convenient for covering mealtime insulin requirements?
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Which insulin administration method is contraindicated in patients with lung disease?
Which insulin administration method is contraindicated in patients with lung disease?
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Which insulin administration method delivers a constant 24-hour basal rate, and manual modifications in the rate of delivery can accommodate changes in insulin requirements?
Which insulin administration method delivers a constant 24-hour basal rate, and manual modifications in the rate of delivery can accommodate changes in insulin requirements?
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Which insulin administration method results in average blood glucose concentrations between 225 and 275 mg/dL?
Which insulin administration method results in average blood glucose concentrations between 225 and 275 mg/dL?
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Which insulin administration method has side effects that include cough and bronchospasm?
Which insulin administration method has side effects that include cough and bronchospasm?
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How do continuous subcutaneous insulin pumps provide flexibility in the arrangement of patients' daily activities?
How do continuous subcutaneous insulin pumps provide flexibility in the arrangement of patients' daily activities?
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Which of the following is a common side effect of inhaled insulin (Afrezza®)?
Which of the following is a common side effect of inhaled insulin (Afrezza®)?
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Why is it important for insulin pumps to have programmable settings?
Why is it important for insulin pumps to have programmable settings?
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What is a potential long-term complication of diabetes that effective insulin therapy aims to prevent?
What is a potential long-term complication of diabetes that effective insulin therapy aims to prevent?
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In what context should manual modifications in the rate of delivery be made with s.c. insulin pumps?
In what context should manual modifications in the rate of delivery be made with s.c. insulin pumps?
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How do pen-sized injectors differ from continuous subcutaneous insulin pumps?
How do pen-sized injectors differ from continuous subcutaneous insulin pumps?
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What is a potential consequence if blood glucose concentrations drop below 70 mg/dL?
What is a potential consequence if blood glucose concentrations drop below 70 mg/dL?
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Which of the following is a common long-term complication associated with uncontrolled diabetes?
Which of the following is a common long-term complication associated with uncontrolled diabetes?
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What is the primary purpose of continuous blood glucose monitoring systems?
What is the primary purpose of continuous blood glucose monitoring systems?
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Which insulin injection method mimics the basal insulin release of a healthy pancreas?
Which insulin injection method mimics the basal insulin release of a healthy pancreas?
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What is a potential side effect associated with insulin injections using syringes?
What is a potential side effect associated with insulin injections using syringes?
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Which of the following statements is true regarding insulin pump therapy?
Which of the following statements is true regarding insulin pump therapy?
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Which insulin formulation is suitable for IV use in emergencies such as ketoacidosis?
Which insulin formulation is suitable for IV use in emergencies such as ketoacidosis?
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Which insulin administration method can help prevent hypoglycemic episodes?
Which insulin administration method can help prevent hypoglycemic episodes?
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Which insulin formulation is not recommended for patients with extreme insulin resistance?
Which insulin formulation is not recommended for patients with extreme insulin resistance?
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Which insulin formulation has an intermediate onset and duration of action?
Which insulin formulation has an intermediate onset and duration of action?
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Which insulin administration method is effective and convenient for covering mealtime insulin requirements?
Which insulin administration method is effective and convenient for covering mealtime insulin requirements?
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Which insulin administration method is most effective in preventing hypoglycemic episodes?
Which insulin administration method is most effective in preventing hypoglycemic episodes?
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Which long-term diabetic complication can be prevented with effective insulin therapy and blood glucose monitoring?
Which long-term diabetic complication can be prevented with effective insulin therapy and blood glucose monitoring?
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Which insulin administration method utilizes continuous blood glucose monitoring systems?
Which insulin administration method utilizes continuous blood glucose monitoring systems?
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Which type of insulin is most appropriate for treating ketoacidosis in an emergency situation?
Which type of insulin is most appropriate for treating ketoacidosis in an emergency situation?
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Which insulin formulation has an intermediate onset and extended duration of action?
Which insulin formulation has an intermediate onset and extended duration of action?
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Which insulin injection method provides consistent basal insulin release similar to a healthy pancreas?
Which insulin injection method provides consistent basal insulin release similar to a healthy pancreas?
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Which insulin administration method is most effective in preventing hypoglycemic episodes?
Which insulin administration method is most effective in preventing hypoglycemic episodes?
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Which of the following is a common long-term complication associated with uncontrolled diabetes?
Which of the following is a common long-term complication associated with uncontrolled diabetes?
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Which blood glucose monitoring system provides the most flexibility in daily activities?
Which blood glucose monitoring system provides the most flexibility in daily activities?
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Which insulin injection method mimics the basal insulin release of a healthy pancreas?
Which insulin injection method mimics the basal insulin release of a healthy pancreas?
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Which of the following is a potential side effect of insulin injections using syringes?
Which of the following is a potential side effect of insulin injections using syringes?
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Which insulin administration method is contraindicated in patients with lung disease?
Which insulin administration method is contraindicated in patients with lung disease?
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Which insulin administration method can help prevent the long-term complication of diabetic retinopathy?
Which insulin administration method can help prevent the long-term complication of diabetic retinopathy?
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What role does continuous blood glucose monitoring play in preventing hypoglycemic episodes?
What role does continuous blood glucose monitoring play in preventing hypoglycemic episodes?
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Which insulin administration method is most suitable for patients with extreme insulin resistance?
Which insulin administration method is most suitable for patients with extreme insulin resistance?
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What is a potential long-term complication of diabetes that effective insulin therapy aims to prevent?
What is a potential long-term complication of diabetes that effective insulin therapy aims to prevent?
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Which insulin administration method can result in average blood glucose concentrations between 225 and 275 mg/dL?
Which insulin administration method can result in average blood glucose concentrations between 225 and 275 mg/dL?
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What is the primary goal of insulin therapy for diabetics?
What is the primary goal of insulin therapy for diabetics?
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Which method of stabilizing blood glucose levels is no longer recommended due to an increased risk of hypoglycemic episodes?
Which method of stabilizing blood glucose levels is no longer recommended due to an increased risk of hypoglycemic episodes?
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What is the average percentage decrease in long-term diabetic complications when blood glucose levels are stabilized using more frequent insulin injections or insulin pumps?
What is the average percentage decrease in long-term diabetic complications when blood glucose levels are stabilized using more frequent insulin injections or insulin pumps?
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Which type of insulin has an onset of approximately 0.25 hours, peaks at 0.5-1.5 hours, and has a duration of 2-4 hours?
Which type of insulin has an onset of approximately 0.25 hours, peaks at 0.5-1.5 hours, and has a duration of 2-4 hours?
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What potential consequence may arise from an increased frequency (3X) of hypoglycemic episodes?
What potential consequence may arise from an increased frequency (3X) of hypoglycemic episodes?
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What is the primary purpose of utilizing insulin pumps in conjunction with blood glucose monitoring?
What is the primary purpose of utilizing insulin pumps in conjunction with blood glucose monitoring?
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What is the effect of achieving average blood glucose concentrations of 150 mg/dL on diabetic complications?
What is the effect of achieving average blood glucose concentrations of 150 mg/dL on diabetic complications?
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What is the most serious side effect of any insulin product?
What is the most serious side effect of any insulin product?
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Which receptors are activated in the liver during hypoglycemia to stimulate glycogenolysis?
Which receptors are activated in the liver during hypoglycemia to stimulate glycogenolysis?
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What are common warning signs of hypoglycemia?
What are common warning signs of hypoglycemia?
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In the context of insulin injections, what can a substantial overdose lead to?
In the context of insulin injections, what can a substantial overdose lead to?
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What is the body's response to hypoglycemia in terms of hormone release from the adrenal gland?
What is the body's response to hypoglycemia in terms of hormone release from the adrenal gland?
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How do the pharmacokinetic properties of Sulfonylureas drugs differ from other diabetes medications?
How do the pharmacokinetic properties of Sulfonylureas drugs differ from other diabetes medications?
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In the context of diabetic therapy, what is the significance of reducing HbA1c levels to < 6.5%?
In the context of diabetic therapy, what is the significance of reducing HbA1c levels to < 6.5%?
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What is a potential challenge in meeting the insulin demands of a diverse group of diabetic patients?
What is a potential challenge in meeting the insulin demands of a diverse group of diabetic patients?
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Why is it crucial to prevent hypoglycemic episodes in diabetics receiving Sulfonylureas?
Why is it crucial to prevent hypoglycemic episodes in diabetics receiving Sulfonylureas?
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Which long-term diabetic complication can be avoided with effective insulin therapy and blood glucose monitoring?
Which long-term diabetic complication can be avoided with effective insulin therapy and blood glucose monitoring?
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What is the primary goal of insulin therapy for diabetics in the context of reducing HbA1c levels?
What is the primary goal of insulin therapy for diabetics in the context of reducing HbA1c levels?
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Protamine is obtained from the semen of fish.
Protamine is obtained from the semen of fish.
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Insulin units are now determined based on the weight of the recombinant insulin obtained from a recrystallized sample.
Insulin units are now determined based on the weight of the recombinant insulin obtained from a recrystallized sample.
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The goal of insulin therapy is primarily to correct metabolic abnormalities in diabetics.
The goal of insulin therapy is primarily to correct metabolic abnormalities in diabetics.
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All insulin preparations have the same onset and duration of action.
All insulin preparations have the same onset and duration of action.
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Diabetics can have their diverse insulin demands successfully met by a single insulin preparation.
Diabetics can have their diverse insulin demands successfully met by a single insulin preparation.
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Insulin glulisine has an extended duration of action similar to insulin detemir.
Insulin glulisine has an extended duration of action similar to insulin detemir.
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Insulin lispro is not recommended for dosing on a sliding scale prior to meals.
Insulin lispro is not recommended for dosing on a sliding scale prior to meals.
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Neutral Protamine Hagedorn (NPH) insulin can be used for IV administration in emergencies.
Neutral Protamine Hagedorn (NPH) insulin can be used for IV administration in emergencies.
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Insulin pump therapy does not require manual modifications in the rate of delivery to accommodate changes in insulin requirements.
Insulin pump therapy does not require manual modifications in the rate of delivery to accommodate changes in insulin requirements.
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One of the long-term complications of uncontrolled diabetes that insulin therapy aims to prevent is ketoacidosis.
One of the long-term complications of uncontrolled diabetes that insulin therapy aims to prevent is ketoacidosis.
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Continuous blood glucose monitoring systems are typically utilized in conjunction with insulin pumps.
Continuous blood glucose monitoring systems are typically utilized in conjunction with insulin pumps.
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Insulin degludec has a shorter duration of action compared to Neutral Protamine Hagedorn (NPH) insulin.
Insulin degludec has a shorter duration of action compared to Neutral Protamine Hagedorn (NPH) insulin.
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Continuous subcutaneous insulin pumps are contraindicated in patients with lung disease.
Continuous subcutaneous insulin pumps are contraindicated in patients with lung disease.
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Inhaled insulin (Afrezza®) is not effective for covering mealtime insulin requirements.
Inhaled insulin (Afrezza®) is not effective for covering mealtime insulin requirements.
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Standard therapy for insulin treatment involves producing average blood glucose concentrations between 225 and 275 mg/dL.
Standard therapy for insulin treatment involves producing average blood glucose concentrations between 225 and 275 mg/dL.
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Insulin pumps deliver a constant 12-hour basal rate that cannot be manually modified.
Insulin pumps deliver a constant 12-hour basal rate that cannot be manually modified.
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Insulin glargine is soluble at physiological pH.
Insulin glargine is soluble at physiological pH.
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An overdose of insulin injections can lead to hyperglycemia.
An overdose of insulin injections can lead to hyperglycemia.
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What is a potential complication of diabetes that effective insulin therapy aims to prevent?
What is a potential complication of diabetes that effective insulin therapy aims to prevent?
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Which method of insulin administration is contraindicated in patients with lung disease?
Which method of insulin administration is contraindicated in patients with lung disease?
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Which blood glucose monitoring system provides the most flexibility in daily activities?
Which blood glucose monitoring system provides the most flexibility in daily activities?
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What is the main purpose of insulin pumps in conjunction with blood glucose monitoring?
What is the main purpose of insulin pumps in conjunction with blood glucose monitoring?
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What is a potential side effect associated with insulin injections using syringes?
What is a potential side effect associated with insulin injections using syringes?
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Which insulin formulation is not recommended for patients with extreme insulin resistance?
Which insulin formulation is not recommended for patients with extreme insulin resistance?
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Which insulin administration method is most effective in preventing hypoglycemic episodes?
Which insulin administration method is most effective in preventing hypoglycemic episodes?
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Which long-term diabetic complication can be prevented with effective insulin therapy and blood glucose monitoring?
Which long-term diabetic complication can be prevented with effective insulin therapy and blood glucose monitoring?
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Which insulin formulation is suitable for IV use in emergencies such as ketoacidosis?
Which insulin formulation is suitable for IV use in emergencies such as ketoacidosis?
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Which insulin administration method can help prevent the long-term complication of diabetic retinopathy?
Which insulin administration method can help prevent the long-term complication of diabetic retinopathy?
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Which insulin formulation has an intermediate onset and duration of action?
Which insulin formulation has an intermediate onset and duration of action?
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Which of the following is a common long-term complication associated with uncontrolled diabetes?
Which of the following is a common long-term complication associated with uncontrolled diabetes?
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Which insulin administration method prevents the need for numerous daily injections and provides flexibility in the arrangement of patients’ daily activities?
Which insulin administration method prevents the need for numerous daily injections and provides flexibility in the arrangement of patients’ daily activities?
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What is the primary purpose of continuous blood glucose monitoring systems when used in conjunction with insulin pumps?
What is the primary purpose of continuous blood glucose monitoring systems when used in conjunction with insulin pumps?
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Which insulin administration method has side effects that include cough and bronchospasm?
Which insulin administration method has side effects that include cough and bronchospasm?
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Which of the following is a potential long-term complication of diabetes that effective insulin therapy aims to prevent?
Which of the following is a potential long-term complication of diabetes that effective insulin therapy aims to prevent?
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Which insulin administration method is most effective in preventing hypoglycemic episodes?
Which insulin administration method is most effective in preventing hypoglycemic episodes?
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What is a potential challenge in meeting the insulin demands of a diverse group of diabetic patients?
What is a potential challenge in meeting the insulin demands of a diverse group of diabetic patients?
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