Questions and Answers
What is the generic name for Novolog?
What is the primary function class of Insulin Aspart?
Antidiabetic, pancreatic hormone
What is the mechanism of action of Insulin Aspart?
Stimulates cellular transport uptake of glucose, amino acids, nucleotides, and potassium.
Insulin Aspart is used for the treatment of ________.
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What are potential adverse effects of Insulin Aspart?
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What should be included in pre-administration assessment for Insulin Aspart?
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When should Insulin Aspart be administered?
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How long does it take for Insulin Aspart to onset?
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What is the duration of action for Insulin Aspart?
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What routes can Insulin Aspart be administered?
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What should patients be taught regarding hypoglycemia?
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Study Notes
Insulin Aspart (Novolog) Overview
- Generic Name: Insulin Aspart
- Trade Name: Novolog
- Functional Classification: Antidiabetic, pancreatic hormone
Mechanism and Effects
- Stimulates cellular transport of glucose, amino acids, nucleotides, and potassium.
- Converts glucose to glycogen and promotes synthesis of complex organic molecules.
Indications
- Approved for use in Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Adverse Effects
- EENT: Blurred vision, dry mouth.
- Integumentary: Flushing, rash, urticaria, warmth, lipodystrophy, lipohypertrophy, swelling, redness.
- Metabolic: Hypoglycemia, rebound hyperglycemia (Somogyi effect can occur 12-72 hours or longer).
- Miscellaneous: Peripheral edema.
- Systemic: Risk of anaphylaxis.
Pre-Admin Assessment
- Therapeutic goals include reduction in polyuria, polydipsia, and polphagia.
- Monitor for clear sensorium and absence of dizziness for stable gait.
Post-Admin Evaluation
- Ongoing evaluations of A1C, weight, urine, and blood glucose levels are necessary.
Drug-Drug Interactions
- Potential interactions with alcohol, β-blockers, and anabolic steroids.
Patient Education
- Educate about hypo/hyperglycemia symptoms and appropriate responses.
- Encourage carrying a glucagon emergency kit and glucose source (like candy).
- Importance of daily medication adherence and consequences of abrupt discontinuation.
Nursing Considerations
- Monitor fasting blood glucose and A1C every three months to assess treatment effectiveness.
- Assess urine ketones during illness; insulin requirements may escalate during stress or surgery.
- Identify hypoglycemic reactions during peak dosing times (sweating, weakness, confusion, etc.).
- Watch for hyperglycemic signs (acetone breath, excessive urination, fatigue, etc.).
- In older adults, avoid short- or rapid-acting insulin to reduce hypoglycemia risks; sliding-scale insulin often does not enhance hyperglycemia management.
Dosage and Administration
- Appearance: Clear solution.
- Onset of Action: 10-20 minutes after administration.
- Peak Effect: Approximately 3 hours post-injection.
- Duration: Lasts between 3-6 hours.
- Timing of Administration: Should be taken immediately before meals.
- Routes of Administration: Administered subcutaneously, intravenously, or via pump.
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Description
This quiz provides an overview of Insulin Aspart, also known as Novolog, including its mechanism of action, indications, and potential adverse effects. It is crucial for understanding the therapeutic goals and assessment processes before and after administration for diabetes management.
