Innate Immunity

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Questions and Answers

Which mechanism is responsible for killing foreign microbes and eliminating damaged tissue in innate immunity?

Phagocytosis
Antiviral defense
Acute-inflammatory response (correct)
Pattern recognition receptors

Which cells are responsible for killing virus-infected cells in innate immunity?

Leukocytes
Natural killer cells (correct)
Phagocytes
Plasma proteins

What do cytokines and type-1 interferons do in innate immunity?

Kill foreign microbes
Block viral replication in host cells (correct)
Recognize shared structures
Eliminate damaged tissue

Which structures do phagocytes recognize to identify potential pathogens in innate immunity?

Unmethylated CpG nucleotides (D) Signup and view all the answers

What are the receptors of the innate immune response that recognize shared structures called?

Pattern recognition receptors (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of neutrophils in the immune response?

Neutrophils are the first cells to respond to infections, especially bacterial and fungal, and they gather at the site of infection to remove cell debris and trap bacteria and fungi. Signup and view all the answers

How do neutrophils prevent the further spread of pathogens?

Neutrophils serve as a physical barrier that prevents the further spread of pathogens. Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of monocytes/macrophages during infections?

Monocytes enter the blood during infections and differentiate into cells called macrophages, which carry out similar functions as neutrophils. Signup and view all the answers

What are the microbicidal granules found in neutrophils?

Neutrophils contain microbicidal granules, which they release into the extracellular environment to trap bacteria and fungi and disarm pathogens with antimicrobial proteins such as neutrophil elastase. Signup and view all the answers