Innate vs. Adaptive Immunity Quiz

The body's fast-acting, first line of defense against pathogens. It's non-specific and doesn't adapt or remember previous encounters.

A slower-acting immune response that develops after exposure. It is highly specific to particular pathogens and has memory, enabling quicker responses upon re-exposure.

A microorganism or substance that causes disease.

The ability of an organism to resist a particular infection or disease.

Features enabling the recognition and targeting of specific pathogens, and remembering previous encounters.

The ability of the immune system to remember past encounters with a pathogen, leading to a faster response upon re-exposure.

Harmful substances or cells within the body, such as cancer cells.

Providing an initial signal to the rest of the immune system to tackle threats in the body.

The body's first line of defense against pathogens, preventing them from entering. It includes physical barriers like skin and mucous membranes, and secretions like tears and saliva.

The body's second line of defense, which acts when pathogens get past the barriers. It involves chemical mediators, white blood cells, and the inflammatory response.

Substances that fight infections and help recruit immune cells. Examples include interferons and complement proteins.

White blood cells that engulf and destroy pathogens by eating them.

White blood cells that destroy infected cells or cancer cells.

A localized response to injury or infection characterized by redness, swelling, heat, pain and sometimes loss of function.

Proteins produced by the immune system to bind specifically to antigens, helping neutralize pathogens.

The primary antibody produced by the immune system. It plays a crucial role in neutralizing pathogens like viruses and bacteria, protecting the body from infection. IgG also provides immune protection to the fetus and newborn through maternal antibodies.

The key antibody in the mucosal immune system, found in secretions such as saliva, tears, and breast milk. It acts as a barrier, preventing pathogens from entering the bloodstream.

An antibody primarily associated with allergic reactions. It binds to mast cells, which release histamine, a chemical that triggers inflammation and allergy symptoms.

An antibody primarily found on the surface of B cells. It acts as an antigen-binding receptor, helping B cells recognize and bind to specific pathogens.

A type of immune response that occurs within the cells. It focuses on eliminating intracellular pathogens like viruses, which are not easily accessible to antibodies.

Cytotoxic cells are specialized immune cells, such as T lymphocytes, that destroy infected or cancerous cells directly. They play a key role in cell-mediated immunity.

Cell-mediated immunity is crucial for tackling pathogens that live inside cells, such as viruses, where antibodies might not be able to reach them.

T cells are a type of white blood cell that are crucial for cell-mediated immunity. They recognize and eliminate infected or damaged cells, helping control viral infections and preventing tumor growth.

White blood cells that mature in the thymus, recognize antigens with help from MHC molecules, and have different types with specialized roles in the immune response.

Glycoproteins on cells that present antigens to T-cells, helping them recognize invaders in the context of 'self.'

T-cells that directly kill virus-infected cells, preventing the virus from spreading further.

T-cells that help other immune cells, like B cells, macrophages, and other T-cells, perform their functions by secreting proteins.

T-cells that control the immune response by turning it off, preventing the immune system from attacking healthy cells.