Innate vs. Adaptive Immunity Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of cytotoxic T-cells?

  • To produce antibodies against pathogens
  • To secrete proteins that assist other immune cells
  • To recognize and kill virus-infected cells (correct)
  • To deactivate the immune response

    • Where do T-cells mature in the body?

  • The bone marrow
  • The spleen
  • The thymus (correct)
  • The liver

    • What is the role of helper T-cells in the immune system?

  • To inhibit the production of antibodies
  • To enhance the activity of other immune cells (correct)
  • To directly kill infected cells
  • To create memory cells for future infections

    • Which type of T-cell is primarily responsible for controlling the immune response?

    <p>Regulatory T-cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which antibody is primarily responsible for immune protection to the fetus and newborn?

    <p>IgG</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules?

    <p>Recognize antigens in the context of self-molecules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main role of IgA in the immune system?

    <p>Prevention of pathogens from crossing the epithelium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which antibody is most associated with allergic reactions?

    <p>IgE</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of immune response is primarily mediated by T-cells?

    <p>Cell-mediated response</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterizes the role of IgD in the immune response?

    <p>Receptor that binds antigens on B cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which antibody is considered the major antibody produced in response to an initial exposure to an antigen?

    <p>IgG</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key function of mast cells activated by IgE?

    <p>Histamine release</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do T-cells contribute to the cell-mediated immune response?

    <p>By directly attacking infected host cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of barrier defenses in the immune system?

    <p>To prevent pathogens and chemicals from entering the body</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cells are primarily responsible for antibody production in the humoral immune response?

    <p>B-cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterizes inflammation in the immune response?

    <p>Fever, redness, swelling, pain, and loss of function</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a foreign antigen?

    <p>A pathogen or substance introduced from outside the body</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of antibody is the first to appear during an immune response?

    <p>IgM</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the roles of the complement system in the immune response?

    <p>To promote the endocytosis of pathogens by cells like macrophages</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do B-cells become activated?

    <p>Upon encountering an antigen in the lymph nodes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following describes the function of phagocytic cells?

    <p>To destroy pathogens through ingestion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key characteristic of innate immunity?

    <p>It provides a fast-acting defense against infections.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does adaptive immunity differ from innate immunity?

    <p>It can recognize and remember specific pathogens for faster response on re-exposure.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does the innate immune system play in the overall immune response?

    <p>It enhances the adaptive immune response by signaling threats.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why might a person get sick despite following healthy precautions?

    <p>Pathogens may still evade the immune system.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about adaptive immunity is true?

    <p>It relies on memory cells to respond more effectively to subsequent infections.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of signaling from the innate immune system?

    <p>To alert the adaptive immune system to threats.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What could be the consequence of not having memory cells in adaptive immunity?

    <p>Infections could be more severe upon re-exposure to the same pathogens.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Innate vs. Adaptive Immunity

    • Innate immunity is a fast-acting, non-specific defense mechanism.
    • It's the body's first response to infection.
    • Innate responses do not change with repeated exposures.
    • Innate immunity involves barrier defenses (skin, mucous membranes), internal defenses (antimicrobial proteins, phagocytic cells, inflammatory response).
    • Adaptive immunity is slower but more specific, responding to specific pathogens.
    • Adaptive immunity has memory to allow faster responses upon re-exposure to the same pathogen.

    Immune System Components

    • Innate Immunity:
      • Barrier defenses (skin, mucous membranes)
      • Internal defenses (phagocytic cells, natural killer cells, antimicrobial proteins, inflammatory response)
    • Adaptive Immunity:
      • Humoral response (antibodies produced by B cells).
      • Cell-mediated response (T cells directly attacking infected cells)

    Types of Cells

    • Innate Immunity:
      • Neutrophils: most abundant white blood cells, first responders
      • Eosinophils: respond to multicellular parasites
      • Basophils: release chemicals initiating inflamation
      • Monocytes: develop into macrophages and dendritic cells, slower response but longer-lasting
      • Lymphocytes: produce antibodies targeting specific antigens
    • Adaptive Immunity:
      • Cytotoxic T cells: destroy virus-infected cells
      • Helper T cells: assist other immune cells
      • Regulatory T cells: control the immune response, preventing autoimmune disease

    Immune System Function

    • Innate immunity provides an initial signal to alert the rest of the immune system.
    • Pathogens and/or toxins are identified and neutralized by the immune response.
    • The adaptive response is activated.
    • Responses can be active or passive, natural or artificial.

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    Related Documents

    General Biology 2: Immune System PDF

    Description

    Test your understanding of the differences between innate and adaptive immunity. Explore key components of the immune system and their roles in defense against infection. This quiz covers concepts such as barrier defenses and specific immune responses.

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