Injury Classification Chapter 2 Flashcards

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Questions and Answers

What is the mechanism of injury?

The cause of the injury or the manner in which the injury occurs.

What is compression?

Force that occurs when the tissue is crushed in between two or more objects.

What does separation refer to in injuries?

Structure is pulled apart from either one or both ends resulting in tissue tears.

What is shear force?

When one or more forces move across the tissues. Signup and view all the answers

What are the three phases of the healing process?

Inflammation, Fibroblastic repair, and Maturation-remodeling. Signup and view all the answers

How long does inflammation last?

Up to 4 days post injury. Signup and view all the answers

How long does fibroblastic repair last?

From 2 days to 6 weeks post injury. Signup and view all the answers

How long does maturation remodeling last?

From 3 weeks to years post injury. Signup and view all the answers

What occurs in the inflammation phase? (List 5 steps)

<ol> <li>Vasoconstriction occurs immediately when tissue is damaged. 2) Vasodilation begins which creates increased blood flow. 3) Additional chemicals and white cells are released. 4) Platelets create a plug that helps limit the inflamed area. 5) A clot forms.</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

What occurs in the fibroblastic repair phase?

<ul> <li>Signs and symptoms decrease. - Increased ROM. - Fibroblasts create a loose meshwork of unorganized collagen at the injury site. - Collagen re-forms and strengthens.</li> </ul> Signup and view all the answers

At what phase is voluntary movement limited during an injury?

Inflammation phase. Signup and view all the answers

What phase includes signs and symptoms?

Inflammation phase. Signup and view all the answers

What are signs of injury?

Physically observable and objective. Signup and view all the answers

What are symptoms of injury?

Not physically observable, but are subjective to the injured person. Signup and view all the answers

What is crepitus?

Crackling, grating feeling or sound under the skin, around the lungs, or in the joints. Signup and view all the answers

What is ecchymosis?

A discoloration of skin resulting from bleeding underneath. Signup and view all the answers

What is an acute injury?

Occurs when the body is suddenly affected by trauma or damage to its tissues. Signup and view all the answers

What is a chronic injury?

Signs and symptoms develop more slowly than acute injuries. Signup and view all the answers

In which type of injury do signs and symptoms appear more slowly?

Chronic. Signup and view all the answers

What can an acute injury become if it goes untreated?

A chronic injury. Signup and view all the answers

True or false: Acute, subacute, and overuse injuries can become chronic injuries.

True Signup and view all the answers

In between what two phases does a chronic injury exist?

Inflammatory and fibroblastic repair phase. Signup and view all the answers

What is a sub-acute injury?

An injury that has afflicted an athlete for a month or so with lingering symptoms. Signup and view all the answers

How many types of grades are there in sprains?

<ol start="3"> <li></li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

What type of injury is a sprain?

Soft-tissue injury. Signup and view all the answers

What is a sprain?

An injury to a ligament in which the ligamentous fibers are stretched or torn. Signup and view all the answers

What is grade 1 for a sprain?

Overstretching but minimal tearing of ligament. Signup and view all the answers

What is a strain?

An injury to a muscle or tendon due to sudden muscle stretch or a forceful muscle contraction. Signup and view all the answers

What is grade 2 for a sprain?

Partial tear, nearly half the fibers. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Mechanisms and Types of Injury

Mechanism of Injury: Refers to the cause or manner in which an injury occurs.
Compression: Describes the force when tissue is crushed between two or more objects.
Separation: Involves pulling apart of structures from one or both ends, leading to tissue tears.
Shear Force: Occurs when forces move across tissues.

Phases of Healing

Three Phases of Healing:
- Inflammation
- Fibroblastic repair
- Maturation-remodeling
Inflammation Duration: Lasts up to 4 days post-injury.
Fibroblastic Repair Duration: Lasts from 2 days to 6 weeks post-injury.
Maturation-Remodeling Duration: Can take from 3 weeks to years post-injury.

Inflammation Phase

Vasoconstriction: Initial response lasting 5-10 minutes after tissue damage.
Vasodilation: Increases blood flow, with histamine release causing redness, heat, swelling, and pain.
Chemical and White Cell Release: Helps improve venous return, impedes inflammation, and reduces swelling.
Platelet Plug Formation: Limits the inflamed area and facilitates clot formation.

Fibroblastic Repair Phase

Signs and Symptoms: Decrease in this phase.
Increased Range of Motion (ROM): Notable recovery during this phase.
Collagen Formation: Fibroblasts create disorganized collagen at the injury site, eventually forming a fragile scar.

Injury Terms

Signs of Injury: Observable, objective changes.
Symptoms of Injury: Subjective feelings experienced by the injured person.
Crepitus: A crackling or grating sensation in tissues.
Ecchymosis: Skin discoloration due to bleeding beneath the surface.

Acute vs. Chronic Injuries

Acute Injury: Sudden trauma or damage to tissues.
Chronic Injury: Develops more slowly; can result from untreated acute injuries, subacute, or overuse injuries. Fluctuates between inflammatory and fibroblastic repair phases.
Sub-Acute Injury: Lasts about a month, showing reduced inflammation symptoms but lingering discomfort.

Sprains and Strains

Types of Sprains: There are three grades for sprains.
Sprain Definition: Injury to a ligament caused by overstretching or tearing, often from twisting.
Grade 1 Sprain: Minimal tearing of ligaments.
Strain Definition: Injury to muscle or tendon due to a sudden stretch or forceful contraction.
Grade 2 Sprain: Partial tear with nearly half the fibers affected.

Healing Process Dynamics

Voluntary Limitation: Most pronounced during the inflammation phase.
Scar Tissue Remodeling: Begins with organization of collagen fibers, strengthening over time; too much stress can disrupt healing and prolong recovery.

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Description

Explore chapter 2 of injury classification with these flashcards. Each term is defined to help you understand how various injuries occur and their mechanics. Ideal for students in sports medicine or related fields.