Information Processing Theory Quiz

Created by

@UnfetteredOrientalism

Study Notes

A cognitive framework that describes how knowledge enters, is stored and retrieved from memory.
Explains how information is processed through the senses, sensory register, short-term memory, and long-term memory.
Explains how retrieval of stored information works.

General: Useful in many tasks.
Specific: Useful for one task only.
Declarative: Factual knowledge, often in words or images.
Procedural: Knowledge on how to do things.
Episodic: Memories of life events, knowing "when" and "why" to apply declarative or procedural strategies.
Conditional: Knowledge about how to apply declarative or procedural knowledge in different contexts.

Encoding: Information is sensed, perceived, and attended to.
Storage: Information is stored for a brief or extended period of time.
Retrieval: Information is brought back and reactivated for use on a current task.

The initial stage of information processing where information is received through the senses.
Information is held for a very short time, with duration varying based on the modality (sight, sound, etc.).

To bring information into consciousness, it is necessary to pay attention to it.
The attentional filter determines which information is perceived and passed on for further processing.

Processes that guide the flow of information through the system.
Help the learner make decisions on how to categorize, organize, and interpret information.
Include metacognitive skills.

Rehearsal: Repeating information to keep it in STM or transfer it to LTM.
Generation: Creating information instead of simply recalling it.
Context: Recalling information in the same context in which it was learned.
Meaningful Learning: Connecting new information to existing knowledge for better understanding and retention.
Visual Imagery: Creating mental images to represent information.
Personalization: Relating information to personal experiences or interests.
Organization: Structuring information in a logical way (e.g., using outlines, charts).
Elaboration: Adding detail and connections to information to make it more memorable.

Serial Position Effect: You will remember the beginning and end of a list more readily (recency and primacy effects).
Part Learning: Break up a list into smaller chunks for easier memorization.
Distributed Practice: Break up learning sessions over time instead of cramming.
Mnemonic Aids: Techniques for improving memory, such as loci technique, acronyms, sentence construction, peg-word, and association techniques.