Inflammatory Mediators Quiz

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Questions and Answers

Which enzyme isoform is considered beneficial for gastrointestinal protection and normal renal blood flow?

Phospholipase A2

COX2

COX1 (correct)

FLAP protein

What is the primary effect of NSAIDs on prostaglandins (PGs)?

Block PG production (correct)

Increase PG production

Stimulate PG release

Enhance PG degradation

Which type of fatty acid is arachidonic acid?

Saturated fatty acid

Trans fatty acid

Monounsaturated fatty acid

C20 polyunsaturated fatty acid (correct)

Why are eicosanoids considered 'local hormones'?

They have specific effects on target cells close to their site of formation Signup and view all the answers

Which cells mainly secrete ILs in the context of Hep B and C treatment?

Monocytes/macrophages Signup and view all the answers

What are the biological effects of TNFs?

Increased expression of adhesion molecules, neutrophil activation, induction of fever Signup and view all the answers

Which cells are mainly responsible for secreting TGF$eta$2?

Platelets Signup and view all the answers

What are the local cytokine effects of Macrophage TNF$eta$2 on Endothelium?

Positive for TNF$eta$2 and IL-1, negative for TGF$eta$2 Signup and view all the answers

Which cytokines are involved in the systemic cytokine effects leading to fever?

TNF$eta$2, IL-1, IL-6 Signup and view all the answers

What are the potential activators of the complement system?

Classical and Alternate pathways Signup and view all the answers

What are C3a, C4a, and C5a called for their ability to induce ANAPHYLAXIS?

Anaphylatoxins Signup and view all the answers

Which type of enzymes are involved in the production of prostaglandins and thromboxanes?

Cyclooxygenase (COX) enzymes Signup and view all the answers

What type of mediators are prostaglandins, prostacyclin, and thromboxanes?

Prostanoids Signup and view all the answers

What is the physiological effect of prostaglandins on tissues?

Inflammation and vasodilatation Signup and view all the answers

Which chemical mediators play a role in the inflammatory response and promote leukocyte adhesion and vasoconstriction?

Leukotrienes Signup and view all the answers

What are cysteinyl leukotriene receptor antagonists, such as zafirlukast and montelukast, used for?

Treatment of asthma Signup and view all the answers

Which receptors are involved in the physiological effects of prostanoids?

DP, EP, FP, IP, and TP Signup and view all the answers

Which chemical mediators are involved in fever, blood pressure regulation, and blood clotting?

Eicosanoids Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of leukotrienes in the inflammatory response?

Promoting leukocyte adhesion and vasoconstriction Signup and view all the answers

Which chemical mediator acts as a vasodilator and pain-producing agent?

Bradykinin Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of inhibiting prostaglandin synthesis?

Anti-inflammatory and anti-pyretic effects Signup and view all the answers

Which type of cytokines are involved in hematopoiesis, inflammation, and the immune response?

INFα, IFNβ, TNFα, TNFβ, IL-1, IL-6, IL-8, and IL-11 Signup and view all the answers

What type of enzymes are involved in the synthesis of leukotrienes?

Lipoxygenases Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Cell-Derived Mediators of Inflammation

Eicosanoids have roles in inflammation, fever, blood pressure regulation, blood clotting, immune system modulation, tissue growth, and sleep/wake cycle regulation.
Eicosanoids are chemical mediators derived from phospholipids, including prostaglandins, thromboxanes, and leukotrienes, and play important roles in inflammation and cell damage.
There are two types of cyclooxygenase (COX) enzymes, COX-1 and COX-2, which are involved in the production of prostaglandins and thromboxanes.
Prostanoids, including prostaglandins, prostacyclin, and thromboxanes, are synthesized via cyclo-oxygenase and have distinct physiological effects on tissues.
Prostanoids act on various receptors, such as DP, EP, FP, IP, and TP, and have diverse physiological effects, including smooth muscle contraction and relaxation, fever, and vasodilation.
Prostaglandins, such as PGD2, PGE2, and PGI2, are involved in inflammation, vasodilatation, platelet aggregation, and bronchodilation.
Inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis can produce anti-inflammatory and anti-pyretic effects.
Leukotrienes, synthesized via lipoxygenases, play a role in the inflammatory response, promoting leukocyte adhesion, and vasoconstriction.
Leukotriene receptors, including CysLT1 and CysLT2, are involved in macrophage activation and cytokine secretion.
Cysteinyl leukotriene receptor antagonists, such as zafirlukast and montelukast, are used in the treatment of asthma.
Bradykinin, a vasoactive peptide, acts as a vasodilator and pain-producing agent, with its action potentiated by prostaglandins.
Cytokines, including INFα, IFN, TNFα, TNF, IL-1, IL-6, IL-8, and IL-11, are involved in hematopoiesis, inflammation, and the immune response.

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Description

Test your knowledge of cell-derived mediators of inflammation with this quiz. Explore the roles of eicosanoids, prostaglandins, leukotrienes, cyclooxygenase enzymes, prostanoids, and cytokines in the inflammatory response and immune system modulation.