Inflammation Part I: Causes and Response
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Questions and Answers

What is inflammation?

  • A response of the nervous system to hormonal adjustments
  • A response of non-vascularized tissues to infections and tissue repair
  • A response of vascularized tissues to infections and tissue damage (correct)
  • A response of the circulatory system to metabolic alterations

What suffix is typically used to name inflammation in various organs or tissues?

  • opathy
  • emia
  • itis (correct)
  • osis

Which of the following is NOT a cause of inflammation?

  • Chemical agents like organic poisons
  • Hormonal adjustments (correct)
  • Antigen-antibody reactions
  • Viral infections

What is the inflammatory response of the body to cell and tissue injury divided into?

<p>General body response and specific local response (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of inflammation in an organ or tissue?

<p>Gastritis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the injurious agents causing inflammation?

<p>Fungi, parasites, mechanical trauma, and organic poisons (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the cardinal signs of acute inflammation according to Celsus?

<p>Rubor, tumor, calor, dolor, functio lease (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What causes the redness (rubor) observed clinically in acute inflammation?

<p>Persistent progressive vasodilatation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which alteration is responsible for the swelling (tumor) observed clinically in acute inflammation?

<p>Increased vascular permeability (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of functio lease in the context of acute inflammation?

<p>Loss of function (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What causes the heat (calor) observed clinically in acute inflammation?

<p>Persistent progressive vasodilatation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which microscopic changes indicate the early inflammatory process?

<p>Vascular response (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What leads to escape of protein-rich fluid from the circulation into the extravascular tissues in acute inflammation?

<p>Increased vascular permeability (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What represents the hallmark of the early hemodynamic changes in acute inflammation?

<p>Persistent progressive vasodilatation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does leukocytes-dependant injury refer to during inflammation?

<p>Endothelial cell injury caused by toxic oxygen metabolites and proteolytic enzymes released by leukocytes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What follows after slowing or stasis of microcirculation during inflammation?

<p>Increased vascular permeability (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a cause of inflammation as described in the text?

<p>Excessive sunlight exposure (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of inflammation, what is the suffix used to name inflammation in the skin?

<p>Dermatitis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of agents are mentioned as causes of inflammation in the text?

<p>Infective, immunological, physical, chemical, and insert materials (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the inflammatory response of the body to cell and tissue injury divided into, as mentioned in the text?

<p>Local response and systemic response (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What nomenclature is used to name inflammation in the colon?

<p>Colitis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of inflammation, which of the following represents an example of inflammation in an organ or tissue?

<p>Articular inflammation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe the increased blood flow and vasodilatation observed in acute inflammation?

<p>Active hyperemia (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which chemical mediators are involved in the increased vascular permeability that leads to the escape of protein-rich fluid (exudate) from the circulation into the extravascular tissues during inflammation?

<p>Histamine and leukotrienes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What causes the transient vasoconstriction of arterioles in the early stages of inflammation?

<p>Neurogenic axonal reflex (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What represents endothelial cell injury caused by accumulation of leukocytes during inflammation?

<p>Leukocytes-dependant injury (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What microscopic changes indicate the early inflammatory process?

<p>Vascular response and cellular response (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is responsible for the redness (rubor) observed clinically in acute inflammation?

<p>Changes in blood flow and caliber (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What suffix is typically used to name inflammation in various organs or tissues?

<p>-itis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What follows after slowing or stasis of microcirculation during inflammation?

<p>Increased vascular permeability (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What nomenclature is used to name inflammation in the colon?

<p>-itis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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