Recent

  • Show all results for ""
Inflammation 7Lecture Quiz
40 Questions
6 Views

Inflammation 7Lecture Quiz

Created by
@Darling talent

Questions and Answers

Which type of inflammation is characterized by the outpouring of a thin fluid from plasma or mesothelial cells?

  • Serous inflammation (correct)
  • Purulent inflammation
  • Hemorrhagic inflammation
  • Fibrinous inflammation

    • What effect does fibrinous inflammation primarily involve?

  • Healing without scarring
  • Deposition of fibrin in extracellular spaces (correct)
  • Accumulation of neutrophils
  • Production of serous effusions

    • What are localized collections of purulent inflammatory exudate known as?

  • Abscesses (correct)
  • Serous cavities
  • Fibrinous exudates
  • Effusions

    • Which type of inflammation may result in a blister on the skin?

    <p>Serous inflammation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which condition would you expect to find a fibrinous exudate?

    <p>Meningitis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a defining feature of purulent inflammation?

    <p>Large amounts of pus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of inflammation is seen with greater vascular permeability allowing larger molecules like fibrinogen to escape?

    <p>Fibrinous inflammation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Chronic inflammation predominantly involves which type of cells?

    <p>Lymphocytes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the systemic effect of inflammation that can affect the entire body?

    <p>Fever</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is not a morphological pattern of acute inflammation?

    <p>Chronic inflammation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key characteristic of an ulcer?

    <p>It results from the shedding of necrotic tissue.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which outcome is associated with acute inflammation?

    <p>Complete resolution with regeneration of native cells.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cell type is NOT typically found in chronic inflammation?

    <p>Neutrophils</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What primarily drives the process of chronic inflammation?

    <p>Persistent infections or toxic exposures.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a defining feature of chronic inflammation?

    <p>Simultaneous processes of tissue injury and healing.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which lymphocyte subset is involved in the defense against helminthic parasites?

    <p>TH2 cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes the macrophages known as Kupffer cells?

    <p>They are located in the liver.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the outcomes of significant tissue destruction due to inflammation?

    <p>Healing by connective tissue replacement or fibrosis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What action do activated B lymphocytes perform?

    <p>Differentiate into plasma cells that secrete antibodies.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which outcome is most likely after recurrent attacks of acute inflammation?

    <p>Progression to chronic inflammation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role do eosinophils play in both immune reactions and parasitic infections?

    <p>They damage healthy cells while targeting parasites.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of granulomatous inflammation?

    <p>Absence of tissue necrosis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of cells serves as antigen-presenting cells to T cells?

    <p>Macrophages, B lymphocytes, and dendritic cells.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What initiates the recruitment of eosinophils in immune reactions?

    <p>Eotaxin chemokine.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a primary mediator in the acute phase reaction during inflammation?

    <p>IL-1.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which granuloma type is characterized by central necrosis?

    <p>Caseating granulomas.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which component is NOT typically found in the composition of a granuloma?

    <p>Epithelial cells.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What systemic effects are associated with acute inflammation?

    <p>Acute phase reaction with cytokine release.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In chronic inflammation, what is the function of macrophages?

    <p>Present antigens to T cells.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary characteristic of a foreign body granuloma?

    <p>It arises from inert foreign material.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of cytokines released from leukocytes during an inflammatory response?

    <p>To signal systemic changes in the body</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which acute phase protein is primarily synthesized by the liver and increases significantly during inflammation?

    <p>C-Reactive Protein (CRP)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cytokines are primarily responsible for inducing fever during the acute phase response?

    <p>IL-1 and TNF-α</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What blood test is commonly used to assess inflammation by measuring the rate of red blood cell sedimentation?

    <p>Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR) test</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which clinical manifestation is characteristic of septic shock?

    <p>Hypotensive shock</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Leukocytosis is most commonly associated with which type of infection?

    <p>Bacterial infection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Elevated plasma levels of which of the following acute phase proteins are used as markers for increased cardiovascular risk?

    <p>C-Reactive Protein (CRP)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of cytokines on the hypothalamus during fever?

    <p>Increase body temperature set point</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the condition called characterized by decreased levels of circulating white blood cells?

    <p>Leukopenia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these symptoms is NOT typically associated with the acute phase response of inflammation?

    <p>Decreased blood pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Learning Objectives

    • Understand morphological patterns of acute and chronic inflammation.
    • Discuss chronic inflammation and granulomatous inflammation.
    • Identify the cell types involved in chronic inflammation.
    • Recognize systemic effects of inflammation.

    Morphological Patterns of Acute Inflammation

    • Serous Inflammation: Involves thin fluid (effusion) from plasma/mesothelial cells seen in conditions like skin blisters.
    • Fibrinous Inflammation: Characterized by fibrin deposition in extracellular spaces indicating severe injuries and increased vascular permeability. Notable examples include meninges and pericardium.
    • Purulent (Suppurative) Inflammation: Produces pus, primarily composed of neutrophils, linked to bacterial infections (e.g., staphylococci), forming abscesses.
    • Ulceration: Refers to local tissue defects due to necrosis, occurs in mucosal surfaces (mouth, stomach) and may affect the skin.

    Outcomes of Acute Inflammation

    • Complete resolution and restoration of normal tissue.
    • Abscess formation, particularly from infections by pyogenic organisms.
    • Healing through connective tissue replacement (fibrosis), often after significant tissue damage.
    • Progression to chronic inflammation if the acute response is ineffective.

    Chronic Inflammation

    • Definition: Extended inflammation lasting weeks to years, featuring ongoing tissue injury and repair processes.
    • Causes:
      • Persistent infections
      • Prolonged exposure to toxic agents
      • Hypersensitivity diseases
      • Chronic conditions stemming from acute inflammation
    • Morphological Features:
      • Infiltration by mononuclear cells (macrophages, lymphocytes, plasma cells).
      • Tissue destruction caused by inflammatory cell products.
      • Repair attempts through fibrosis and angiogenesis.

    Cells Involved in Chronic Inflammation

    • Macrophages: Key players that can differentiate into specialized forms like Kupffer cells (liver) and microglial cells (CNS).
    • Lymphocytes: Integral to autoimmune and chronic inflammatory processes; B cells become plasma cells, T cells secrete cytokines.
    • Eosinophils: Important in allergic responses and parasitic infections, with cytotoxic granules that can damage host tissues.
    • Mast Cells: Participates in both acute and chronic inflammation, releasing histamine upon activation.

    Granulomatous Inflammation

    • Definition: A specific pattern of chronic inflammation featuring granulomas, which are clusters of epithelioid macrophages surrounded by lymphocytes.
    • Types:
      • Foreign Body Granulomas: Triggered by non-degradable materials.
      • Immune Granulomas: Related to immune responses against persistent antigens.
      • Noncaseating Granulomas: Lack central necrosis; associated with conditions like sarcoidosis.
      • Caseating Granulomas: Exhibit central necrosis; characteristic of tuberculosis and certain fungal infections.

    Systemic Effects of Inflammation

    • Local signs include heat, redness, edema, pain, and loss of function (Celsus criteria).
    • Systemic signs grouped as acute phase responses include alterations triggered by cytokines such as TNF-α, IL-1, and IL-6.
    • Acute Phase Reaction: Manifestations include fever, increased acute phase proteins, leukocytosis, and in severe cases, septic shock.
      • Fever: Elevated temperature coordinated by the hypothalamus, often due to cytokine action.
      • Acute Phase Proteins: Liver-synthesized proteins (e.g., CRP, fibrinogen) increase in concentration during inflammation, useful as clinical markers.
      • Leukocytosis: A spike in white blood cell count, typically in bacterial infections; neutrophils dominate.
      • Leukopenia: Reduced white blood cells, commonly seen in typhoid fever.
      • Additional Symptoms: Elevated heart rate, reduced sweating, chills, and malaise.
      • Septic Shock: Severe bacterial infections may lead to systemic inflammation, coagulation dysregulation, and hypotensive shock.

    Studying That Suits You

    Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

    Quiz Team

    Description

    This quiz covers the key aspects of acute and chronic inflammation as discussed in the lecture. Students will explore various morphological patterns and the systemic effects of inflammation, along with identifying specific cells involved. Prepare to test your understanding of these critical concepts in pathology.

    More Quizzes Like This

    Lecture 2.1 - Acute inflammation
    24 questions

    Lecture 2.1 - Acute inflammation

    airafatz avatar
    airafatz
    Morphological Patterns of Acute Inflammation
    20 questions

    Morphological Patterns of Acute Inflammation

    Darling talent avatar
    Darling talent
    Biology 6 - Inflammation Response
    59 questions

    Biology 6 - Inflammation Response

    RazorSharpDaisy avatar
    RazorSharpDaisy
    Cardinal Signs of Inflammation Flashcards
    6 questions

    Cardinal Signs of Inflammation Flashcards

    UnparalleledEcoArt avatar
    UnparalleledEcoArt
    Use Quizgecko on...
    Browser
    Open
    Browser
    Browser