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Questions and Answers
What is inferential statistics?
What is inferential statistics?
- Ways of analyzing data to make conclusions about a hypothesis (correct)
- A form of descriptive statistics
- A method to summarize data
- A test to compare two averages
What does a t-test compare?
What does a t-test compare?
The average scores between two different groups in a study.
What does ANOVA stand for?
What does ANOVA stand for?
Analysis of Variance
What does the p-value indicate?
What does the p-value indicate?
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How sure do psychologists need to be to accept a hypothesis?
How sure do psychologists need to be to accept a hypothesis?
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What do inferential statistics help psychologists do?
What do inferential statistics help psychologists do?
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Study Notes
Inferential Statistics
- Analyzes data to draw conclusions regarding hypothesis support.
- Derived from the term 'inference,' indicating drawing conclusions from environmental clues.
t-test
- Compares average scores of two different groups in a study.
- Applicable for naturally occurring groups (e.g., boys vs. girls) or created groups in experiments.
Analysis of Variance (ANOVA)
- Compares average scores among three or more groups to determine differences.
- Functions similarly to a t-test but allows analysis of multiple groups simultaneously.
p-value
- Results from statistical tests like correlation, t-tests, or ANOVA.
- Indicates the probability that study results occurred by random chance.
Hypothesis Support Confidence
- Psychologists generally accept a maximum of 5% chance (p-value ≤ 0.05) that results occurred due to random factors.
- A p-value between 0.00 and 0.05 suggests a 95% confidence in the validity of results.
Summary of Key Concepts
- Inferential statistics help determine hypothesis support in psychology studies.
- t-tests are for two groups; ANOVA is for three or more.
- A p-value of 0.05 or less indicates significant results, reducing chances of random occurrence.
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