Inferential Statistics: Shapiro-Wilk Test and Normal Distribution

Which measure should be used when the data is not normally distributed to represent the central tendency?

Mode
Median (correct)
Standard Deviation
Mean

What do confidence intervals provide information about?

Variability (correct)
Central tendency
Precision
Accuracy

What does SEM (Standard Error of the Mean) measure?

Variability within the population
Median of the data
Accuracy of the mean
Variability within the sample (correct)

Which test should be used when the data is not normally distributed?

Non-parametric test (A) Signup and view all the answers

What does an F-Test assess for when comparing two populations?

Variability differences (A) Signup and view all the answers

What does a Q-Q plot help determine about the data?

Normal distribution (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of the Shapiro-Wilk test?

To test if the data differs significantly from a normal distribution (B) Signup and view all the answers

What does a p-value ≤ 0.05 indicate in the Shapiro-Wilk test?

The data is significantly different from a normal distribution (D) Signup and view all the answers

What are we trying to find evidence for when testing for normal distribution?

That the data is not normally distributed (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is a common misconception in statistical testing?

We are trying to prove that the data is normally distributed (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of statistical tests, according to the text?

To make inferences about a population (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of a p-value less than or equal to 0.005?

It indicates a highly significant difference. (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which type of data is best represented by a histogram?

Univariate data with continuous values. (B) Signup and view all the answers

What does it mean if we reject our null hypothesis (H0)?

We accept the alternative hypothesis (H1). (B) Signup and view all the answers

If a data set is normally distributed, what is a good indicator of the data collected?

Mean (B) Signup and view all the answers

What type of data representation should be used for multivariate data?

Scatter plot (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of inferential statistics?

To make general conclusions based on limited data (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a control group in an experiment?

To act as a benchmark for the experimental intervention (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the null hypothesis, H0, in an experiment?

The world as we see it now; before the experiment (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the importance of a hypothesis being falsifiable?

It is central to the scientific method (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the p-value in hypothesis testing?

To determine the statistical significance of the results (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is a common mistake when interpreting the null hypothesis?

Assuming that a non-significant result proves H0 (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the F-test?

To test for homogeneity of variance (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the alpha level in the given table?

0.05 (D) Signup and view all the answers

What can be concluded if the p-value of the F-test is less than 0.05?

The variances are significantly different (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the Shapiro-Wilk test?

To determine if the data is significantly different from normal (C) Signup and view all the answers

What can be concluded if the p-value is 0.09?

The difference is not significant (C) Signup and view all the answers