Infective Endocarditis باطنية

Severe febrile illness, changing heart murmurs, and petechiae are common manifestations.

Partially treated acute endocarditis exhibits similar characteristics to subacute endocarditis in its clinical presentation.

Echocardiography can detect abscesses and vegetations associated with endocarditis.

<p>Antibiotic prophylaxis is indicated for individuals with a prosthetic cardiac valve and a history of infective endocarditis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Indications include heart failure from valve damage and persistent infection despite antibiotic therapy.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Staphylococcus and Enterococcus are commonly associated with post-operative endocarditis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The ECG may show AV block and infarction related to embolic events.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Empirical treatment for acute endocarditis should include vancomycin and gentamicin.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Determining the MIC helps guide targeted antibiotic therapy against the identified organism.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Chronic endocarditis usually does not present with clinical stigmata.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Infective endocarditis is a microbial infection of a heart valve or cardiac chamber. Common causes include streptococci, staphylococci, and Enterococcus species, often entering the bloodstream during dental procedures or from the bowel.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Infective endocarditis affects approximately 5 to 15 cases per 100,000 per annum, with cardiac abnormalities accounting for 25% of cases.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Viridans streptococci, like Streptococcus mitis, enter the bloodstream during activities such as tooth-brushing and are a common cause of subacute endocarditis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Acute endocarditis presents rapidly and is often caused by aggressive organisms like Staphylococcus aureus, whereas subacute endocarditis develops more insidiously, typically with less aggressive organisms.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Clinical features include persistent fever, night sweats, weight loss, and new signs of valve dysfunction, along with embolic phenomena like strokes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Staphylococcus epidermidis is associated with postoperative endocarditis following cardiac surgery and is considered a coagulase-negative staphylococcus.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Patients with infective endocarditis may require life-long antibiotic therapy, especially in cases such as Q fever endocarditis caused by Coxiella burnetii.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>HACEK bacteria refer to a group of fastidious Gram-negative organisms that account for 3-4% of infective endocarditis cases.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Brucella endocarditis is associated with a history of contact with goats or cattle, often affecting the aortic valve.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Digital clubbing is considered a late sign of infective endocarditis, indicating chronic infection.</p> Signup and view all the answers