Valvular Heart Disease and Infective Endocarditis Quiz

10 Questions

What is the primary cause of acquired valvular heart disease?

Rheumatic fever

Which of the following is NOT a common symptom of valvular heart disease?

Chest pain

What type of procedure is used to treat severe valvular stenosis?

Both a and b

What is the primary cause of infective endocarditis?

Bacteria or fungi adhering to the heart

Which of the following is NOT a risk factor for infective endocarditis?

Obesity

What is the primary cause of rheumatic carditis?

Autoimmune response to streptococcal infection

What is the primary function of anticoagulants in the treatment of valvular heart disease?

To prevent blood clots

Which of the following is the most common risk factor for acquired valvular heart disease?

Rheumatic fever

What is the primary purpose of antibiotics for patients with prosthetic heart valves?

To prevent infection

Which of the following is NOT a common symptom of infective endocarditis?

Chest pain

Study Notes

Valvular heart disease involves defects or damage to heart valves, leading to issues like stenosis, prolapse, and regurgitation.
Risk factors for acquired valvular heart disease include hypertension, older age, increased cholesterol, smoking, diabetes, rheumatic fever, and infective endocarditis.
Symptoms of valvular heart disease can include murmurs, extra heart sounds, dysrhythmias, and dyspnea.
Diagnosis of valvular heart disease can involve chest X-ray, EKG, and echocardiogram.
Treatment options for valvular heart disease include medications like diuretics and anticoagulants, as well as procedures like percutaneous balloon valvuloplasty and valve repair or replacement surgeries.
Patients with prosthetic heart valves require antibiotics before dental work or invasive procedures.
Infective endocarditis is caused by bacteria or fungi adhering to the heart, leading to growths that can damage heart valves.
Risk factors for infective endocarditis include congenital heart disease, valvular heart disease, prosthetic valves, and IV drug use.
Symptoms of infective endocarditis include fever, murmurs, petechiae, and splinter hemorrhages.
Diagnosis of infective endocarditis involves blood cultures and echocardiograms, with treatment typically including antibiotics and possibly valve repair or replacement.
Rheumatic carditis is heart inflammation following strep throat infection, triggering an autoimmune response leading to heart damage.
Symptoms of rheumatic carditis include tachycardia, cardiomegaly, murmurs, possible friction rub, and chest pain.
Diagnosis includes throat culture for streptococcal infection and ASO titer testing.
Treatment for rheumatic carditis involves antibiotics and potential valve repair or replacement based on the heart damage.
A quiz at the end of the video tests knowledge on topics like splinter hemorrhages in infective endocarditis and the relationship between rheumatic fever and valvular heart disease.