Infectious Diseases Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the definition of infection?

A complex of the protective and pathological reactions arising in reply to infiltration of the microorganism in certain environmental conditions.

What were infectious diseases called in antiquity?

  • Contagious
  • Epidemics (correct)
  • Deadly
  • Infectious
  • Dangerous

    • What is the general number of officially registered infectious diseases?

  • From above 10
  • Over one million
  • Over a thousand (correct)
  • From above 100

    • What is an infectious disease?

    <p>All listed above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the interaction between in an infectious disease?

    <p>Microorganism, macroorganism and environment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of infection is subclinical?

    <p>Inapparant</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of infection is innapparant?

    <p>Without clinic, with immune response</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is transitory carriage?

    <p>Convalescent</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What criteria allow to consider some infectious diseases dangerous?

    <p>Epidemiological, clinical</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the causative agent of prion pathologies?

    <p>Proteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which criteria characterize an infectious patient?

    <p>Ethiologacal, epidemiological, clinical, immunological</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is pathogenity?

    <p>Infectious process</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the presence of Vi-antigen in a microorganism indicate?

    <p>Virulence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the infecting dose influence on?

    <p>Terms of prophylactic clinical examination</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the ethiological criterion?

    <p>The concrete agent is the reason of infectious disease</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is antigen mimicry?

    <p>Ability of a microorganism to get human's antigens</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the gates of infection?

    <p>Place of the agent's invasion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which symptom is NOT characteristic for the initial stage of typhoid fever?

    <p>Pain in a stomach</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which complication is specific to typhoid fever?

    <p>Intestinal bleeding</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the source of infection for typhoid fever?

    <p>Sick person</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which symptom is characteristic for typhoid fever?

    <p>Skin rose spots from about 8th-10th days of illness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the mechanisms of transmission for typhoid fever?

    <p>Fecal-oral</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of temperature curve is characteristic for typhoid fever?

    <p>Febris remittens</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of rash is characteristic for typhoid fever?

    <p>Rose spots</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The causative agent of typhoid fever belongs to which group of microorganisms?

    <p>Bacteria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What changes are typical for the general blood test in typhoid fever?

    <p>Leucocytosis with neutrophilic shift to the left</p> Signup and view all the answers

    List the types of pathogenetic therapy for Typhoid fever.

    <p>Desintoxication</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What laboratory test is used for diagnostics of typhoid fever?

    <p>Bacteriological</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What drug is used for the etiotropic treatment of typhoid fever patients?

    <p>Chloramphenicol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which toxin increases the secretion of liquid and salts into the intestinal lumen?

    <p>Enterotoxin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which toxin causes intoxication symptoms?

    <p>Endotoxin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which toxin damages epithelial cells?

    <p>Cytotoxin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What mode of transmission is common for Grigoriev-Shiga dysentery?

    <p>With food</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What mode of transmission is common for Sonne dysentery?

    <p>Contact</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which sign is the basic one for diagnostics of shigellosis?

    <p>Stool of &quot;rectum spit&quot; type</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What drugs are used for dysentery treatment?

    <p>Ciprofloxacin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which symptoms are characteristic for enteritis?

    <p>Thenesmas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the conditions necessary for food poisoning caused by a conditionally pathogenic flora?

    <p>A significant quantity of the agent, contact with the patient already suffering from food poisoning, organism sensitization to the agent, and attenuation of the organism’s defense mechanisms.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the ways of transmission for food poisoning infection?

    <p>Any of them</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can cause food poisoning?

    <p>Any of them</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of bacteria causes food poisoning?

    <p>Any of them</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is NOT recommended for the treatment of food poisoning?

    <p>Prescription of antibiotics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When is food poisoning diagnosis possible?

    <p>Using clinical and epidemiological data</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factors are important for differentiating food poisoning from cholera?

    <p>All listed above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What oral desintoxication and rehydration solutions are preferable for food poisoning?

    <p>glucose-electrolyte solutions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the best option for rehydration and desintoxication in food poisoning?

    <p>Electrolyte crystalloids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the mechanisms of diarrhea in food poisoning?

    <p>Activation of adenilatecyclase of the enterocytes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the reasons for dehydration in food poisoning?

    <p>Fever</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the sources of salmonella infection?

    <p>All listed above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which mode of transmission is impossible for salmonella infection?

    <p>Air-dust</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common clinical form of salmonellosis?

    <p>Gastroenteritis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common clinical syndrome of the gastrointestinal form of salmonellosis?

    <p>Gastroenteritis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What stool is NOT characteristic for salmonellosis?

    <p>Without feces smell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the characteristics of the gastrointestinal forms of salmonella infections?

    <p>Fever, signs of GIT damage, tachycardia and dehydration.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Is the following statement true: For typhoid-like form of salmonellosis everything listed below is characteristic, except Pallor of skin, Excitation, Stupor, Prolonged fever, Rash, Liver and spleen enlargement.

    <p>The statement is false</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which complication is NOT characteristic for salmonellosis?

    <p>Pneumonia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which laboratory test is NOT used for salmonellosis diagnostics?

    <p>Immunofluorescent</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What materials can be used for bacteriological testing in salmonellosis?

    <p>All listed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the optimal terms for taking blood samples for serological testing from patients with salmonellosis?

    <p>6th-7th day</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which form of salmonella infection is NOT typically treated with antibiotics?

    <p>Gastrointestinal (light severity)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which antibiotic is NOT used for the treatment of salmonellosis?

    <p>Penicillin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which antibiotic is the most effective for salmonellosis?

    <p>Ciprofloxacin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What symptoms are characteristic for salmonellosis?

    <p>All listed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which form of salmonellosis is localized?

    <p>Nasopharingitis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What clinical form does intrahospital salmonellosis present as?

    <p>Nosocomial</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which biovar of Vibrio cholerae causes modern cholera?

    <p>El-tor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does El-Tor Vibrio cholerae differ from the classical biovar?

    <p>Increased virulence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of environment promotes the reproduction of Vibrio cholerae?

    <p>Alkaline</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does cholera spread?

    <p>Water and food</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of distribution is characteristic for modern cholera?

    <p>Pandemic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the reason for diarrhea in cholera?

    <p>All these factors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism of diarrhea in cholera?

    <p>Activation of enterocytes's adenilatecyclase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Questions and Answers

    • Question 1: Analyzation of the definition "complex of the protective and pathological reactions arising in reply to infiltration of the microorganism in certain environmental conditions"

      • Correct answer: Infectious process

    • Question 2: Infectious diseases in antiquity were called

      • Correct answer: Contagious

    • Question 3: General number of officially registered infectious diseases

      • Correct answer: Over one million

    • Question 4: Infectious disease is defined as

      • Correct answer: All listed above (An extreme degree of development of infectious process, Presence of clinical symptomatology, Presence of pathomorphological substratum, Dynamics of specific antibodies)

    • Question 10: The causative agent of prion pathologies is

      • Correct answer: Proteins

    • Question 11: Criteria for an infectious patient

      • Correct answer: Ethological, epidemiological, clinical, immunological

    • Question 12: Pathogenicity defines the potential of microorganisms to cause

      • Correct answer: Infectious process

    • Question 13: Presence of Vi-antigen in microorganisms indicates

      • Correct answer: Antigenity

    • Question 14: Infecting dose influences on

      • Correct answer: Prodrome duration, Terms of recover, Terms of incubation, Terms of hospitalisation

    • Question 15: The ethiological criterion means

      • Correct answer: The concrete agent is the reason of infectious disease

    • Question 16: The epidemiological criterion means

      • Correct answer: The infectious patient can be a source of infection

    • Question 20: Gates of Infection

      • Correct answer: Place of the agent's invasion

    • Question 21: Symptom not characteristic of initial typhoid fever. This is an example of a specific question

      • Correct answer: Headache

    • Question 22: Specific complication of typhoid fever

      • Correct answer: Intestinal bleeding

    • Question 23: Source of infection for typhoid fever

      • Correct answer: Sick person

    • Question 24: Symptom characteristic of typhoid fever

      • Correct answer: Skin rose spots from about 8th-10th days of illness

    • Question 25: Mechanism of transmission of typhoid fever infection

      • Correct answer: Fecal-oral

    • Question 26: Fever curve characteristic of typhoid fever

      • Correct answer: Febris intermittens

    • Question 27: Rash type characteristic of typhoid fever

      • Correct answer: Rose spots

    • Question 28: Group of microorganisms that typhoid fever belongs to

      • Correct answer: Bacteria

    • Question 29: Changes in the general blood test typical for typhoid fever

      • Correct answer: Leucocytosis with neutrophilic shift to the left

    • Question 30: Types of pathogenetic therapy for typhoid fever

      • Correct answer: Rehydration, Dehydration, Desintoxication, Immunomodulation

    • Question 31: Laboratory test used for typhoid fever diagnosis

      • Correct answer: Bacteriological

    • Question 32: Drug used for etiotropic therapy of typhoid fever

      • Correct answer: Chloramphenicol

    • Question 33: Toxin increasing secretion of liquid and salts into intestinal lumen

      • Correct answer: Enterotoxin

    • Question 34: Toxin causing intoxication symptoms

      • Correct answer: Endotoxin

    • Question 35: Toxin damaging epithelial cells

      • Correct answer: Enterotoxin

    • Question 36: Common transmission way for Grigoriev-Shiga dysentery

      • Correct answer: With water

    • Question 37: Common transmission way for Sonne dysentery

      • Correct answer: With water

    • Question 38: Common transmission way for Flexner dysentery

      • Correct answer: With water

    • Question 39: Diagnostic sign of shigellosis

      • Correct answer: Stool of "rectum spit" type

    • Question 40: Drugs in dysentery treatment

      • Correct answer: Erythromycin, Penicillin, Ciprofloxacin

    • Question 41: Symptoms characteristic of enteritis

      • Correct answer: Pain in the left iliac area

    • Question 42: Symptoms characteristic of enterocolitis

      • Correct answer: Abdominal pain of spasmatic character

    • Question 43: Conditions for food poisonings by conditional pathogens

      • Correct answer: considerable quantity of the agent

    • Question 60: Statement regarding typhoid-like form of salmonellosis

      • Correct answer: The statement is false

    • Question 61: Complication not characteristic for salmonellosis

      • Correct answer: Pneumonia

    • Question 62: Laboratory test not used in salmonellosis diagnostics

      • Correct answer: Bacterioscopy

    • Question 63: Material for bacteriological test in salmonellosis

      • Correct answer: Feces, Emetic masses, Stomach lavage masses

    • Question 64: Optimal terms for taking blood samples for serological test in salmonellosis

      • Correct answer: 1st-3rd Day

    • Question 65: Form of salmonella not treated with antibiotics

      • Correct answer: Gastrointestinal (light severity)

    • Question 66: Antibiotic not used in salmonellosis treatment

      • Correct answer: Gentamycin

    • Question 67: Most effective antibiotic in salmonellosis

      • Correct answer: Chloramphenicol

    • Question 68: Characteristic symptoms for salmonellosis

      • Correct answer: Fever, Signs of GIT damage

    • Question 70: Form of salmonellosis that is localized

      • Correct answer: Gastroenterocolitis

    • Question 71: Clinical form of intrahospital salmonellosis

      • Correct answer: Nosocomial

    • Question 72: Difference in El-tor vibrios from classical

      • Correct answer: Increased virulence

    • Question 73: Environment for Cholera vibrio reproduction

      • Correct answer: Alkaline

    • Question 74: Cholera transmission

      • Correct answer: Water and food

    • Question 75: Type of distribution for modern cholera

      • Correct answer: Pandemic

    • Question 76: Reason for diarrhoea in cholera

      • Correct answer: Influence of exotoxin on intestine wall

    • Question 77: Mechanism of diarrhea in cholera

      • Correct answer: Increased osmotic pressure

    • Question 78: Type of diarrhea in cholera

      • Correct answer: Secretion

    • Question 79: Cholera vibrio localization

    • Question 80: Degrees of dehydration in adults

      • Correct answer: Three

    • Question 81: Amount of weight loss in 3rd degree dehydration

      • Correct answer: More than 10%

    • Question 82: Reason for dehydration in cholera

      • Correct answer: Diarrhea

    • Question 83: Amount of weight loss in 2nd degree dehydration

      • Correct answer: 4-6%

    • Question 84: Amount of weight loss in 1st degree dehydration

      • Correct answer: 1%-3%

    • Question 85: Indications for intravenous rehydration in cholera

      • Correct answer: Dehydration

    • Question 86: Criterion for dehydration treatment

      • Correct answer: The degree of dehydration

    • Question 87: Most valuable criterion of dehydration in cholera

      • Correct answer: Sodium level in plasma

    • Question 88: Rehydration solutions for cholera

      • Correct answer: Electrolyte solutions

    • Question 89: Clinical indicators of rehydration efficiency in cholera

      • Correct answer: Normalization of blood temperature, increase of diuresis

    • Question 90: Differentiation of food poisoning from cholera

      • Correct answer: Abdominal pain syndrome, Epidemiological anamnesis

    • Question 91: Initial symptoms of cholera

      • Correct answer: Headache, fever, diarrhea

    • Question 92: Characteristic stool for cholera

      • Correct answer: Plentiful, watery

    • Question 93: Characteristic symptoms for cholera

      • Correct answer: Acute pain in whole abdomen

    • Question 94: Conditions dangerous for patients in cholera

      • Correct answer: Dehydration, Heart Failure, Intoxication

    • Question 95: Dangerous finding in Cholera

      • Correct answer: Hypopotassiumemia

    • Question 96: Localization of abdominal pain in intestinal amebiasis

      • Correct answer: Left iliac area

    • Question 97: Laboratory test for intestinal amebiasis diagnostics

      • Correct answer: Microscopy of feces

    • Question 98: Crucial test in intestinal amebiasis diagnostics

      • Correct answer: Tissue form of Entamoeba (trophozoit)

    • Question 99: Necessary agent to produce botulism

      • Correct answer: Clostridia spors, Vegetative forms, Exotoxin

    • Question 100: Correct sequence of development for botulism

      • Correct answer: General intoxication, paralytic, gastrointestinal

    • Question 101: Signs of severe botulism

      • Correct answer: repeated vomiting

    • Question 102: Characteristic for botulism vision disorders

      • Correct answer: Midriasis, Ptosis, Diplopia

    • Question 103: Important diagnostics method for botulism

      • Correct answer: Agent isolation, General blood test, Biological test

    • Question 104: Types of sera used for treatment of botulism in Belarus

      • Correct answer: A, B, E

    • Question 105: One-time treatment dose of contrabotulinic sera A, B, and E

      • Correct answer: 10000 ME

    • Question 106: Transmission way of botulism

      • Correct answer: All specified ways it is not transmitted

    • Question 107: Agent causing 'vegetable' botulism

      • Correct answer: E

    • Question 108: Optimal temperature for toxin production by Clostridium botulinum type E

      • Correct answer: 3-4°C

    And so on... There are many more questions and answers that need to be addressed in the document.

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