24 Questions
Infection diagnosis in primary care settings often relies on laboratory testing.
True
In Colombia, most CHIKV-infected patients were clinically confirmed in a laboratory.
False
CHIKV infection can be accurately diagnosed using clinical symptoms alone.
False
Primary care physicians in middle- or low-income tropical countries often have access to laboratory testing.
False
Clinical criteria are sufficient for diagnosing CHIKV infection.
False
Serological analysis is always required for diagnosing acute CHIKV infection.
False
The lack of laboratory confirmation of CHIKV infection increases the need for reliable clinical diagnostic tools.
True
Expert consensus is not necessary for creating a diagnostic screening tool based on clinical symptoms.
False
Serological confirmation is always available in a primary care setting.
False
Chikungunya virus diagnosis is only challenging in areas where Zika virus is present.
False
Clinical criteria are not necessary for diagnosing Chikungunya infection in a primary care setting.
False
Clinicians can easily diagnose acute Chikungunya infection based on symptoms alone.
False
Primary care physicians can rely solely on laboratory tests to diagnose Chikungunya infection.
False
The clinical diagnosis of Chikungunya infection is only possible in tertiary care settings.
False
The presence of Zika virus does not affect the diagnosis of Chikungunya infection.
False
Acute Chikungunya infection can be diagnosed with certainty using only laboratory tests.
False
The study included patients with unconfirmed CHIKV infection.
False
The screening tool created used serological analysis as a diagnostic criterion.
False
The area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was 0.95.
False
The screening tool had a sensitivity of 90%.
False
The study developed a screening tool for CHIKV diagnosis using laboratory tests.
False
The primary care physician is not the target audience for the screening tool.
False
The screening tool requires a score ≥ 10 to be considered positive for CHIKV infection.
False
The study only included patients from a tertiary care setting.
False
Study Notes
Laboratory Testing for Chikungunya Virus (CHIKV)
- CHIKV diagnosis is a challenge in areas where Zika virus and/or Dengue virus are present due to lack of access to laboratory testing in many middle- or low-income tropical or subtropical countries.
- In Colombia, only 1.08% of CHIKV-infected patients (5231 out of 482,326) were clinically confirmed in a laboratory between 2014 and 2019.
Clinical Diagnosis of CHIKV
- The need for a reliable clinical diagnostic tool is essential for primary care physicians where common arboviral diseases caused by CHIKV, ZIKV, and DENV are endemic or epidemic.
- A diagnostic screening tool was created using clinical symptoms such as symmetric arthritis, fatigue, rash, and ankle joint pain.
Tool Performance
- The screening tool identified a cut-off value, and a score ≥ 5.5 was considered positive for identifying CHIKV patients.
- The tool showed a sensitivity of 64.4%, specificity of 87.4%, positive predictive value of 85.5%, negative predictive value of 67.7%, and an accuracy of 75%.
- The area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was 0.72.
Conclusion
- A clinical diagnostic tool was developed to aid primary care physicians in diagnosing CHIKV using only clinical symptoms.
- The tool provides a reliable aid for primary care physicians in areas where serological confirmation is not available.
This quiz covers the importance of laboratory testing in directing public health care policies, confirming clinical diagnoses, and conducting accurate infectious disease surveillance, especially in low-income tropical or subtropical countries.
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