Infants and Non-Maternal Caregivers
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Questions and Answers

According to the text, what are the four aspects of language that infants learn rapidly?

  • Phonology, Lexicon, Semantics, Pragmatics (correct)
  • Phonology, Lexicon, Pragmatics, Syntax
  • Phonology, Lexicon, Semantics, Syntax
  • Phonology, Syntax, Semantics, Pragmatics

    • At what age do infants begin babbling, according to the text?

  • Between 12 and 16 months
  • Between 16 and 20 months
  • Between 8 and 12 months
  • Between 4 and 8 months (correct)

    • What is the term used to describe the ability to connect a word with its underlying concept after a brief experience with the word?

  • Categorization
  • Syntax
  • Phonology
  • Fast mapping (correct)

    • What is caregiver speech also referred to as, according to the text?

    <p>Parentese</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of securely attached infants?

    <p>They accept help from parents when faced with difficult problems</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a characteristic of anxious-resistant (ambivalent) attachment?

    <p>Infants respond with anger to parents' attempts to help or teach them</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of anxious-avoidant attachment?

    <p>Infants show little involvement with their mothers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of disorganized-disoriented attachment?

    <p>Infants exhibit confused and contradictory behaviors when reunited with their parents</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the text, why is it good for infants to have peer interactions?

    <p>Through social interactions, infants learn new behaviors, skills and abilities, which in turn stimulates infant cognitive development</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What behaviors do young babies exhibit to show interest in other infants?

    <p>Gazing, cooing and smiling</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is reciprocal socialization according to the text?

    <p>Behaviors of infants invite continuing responses from parents and caregivers – in turn eliciting further responses from infants</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does infant crying tell us according to the text?

    <p>Infant crying provides the caregiver with information about discomfort (hunger, anger, pain, fussy, etc.)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Erikson, what is the first building block of an infant's social and emotional development?

    <p>Trust</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of an individual with a secure attachment style?

    <p>Deny influence of attachment experiences on own development</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Erikson, what is the main characteristic of autonomy in children?

    <p>Being independent and self-directed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can happen if parents do not provide support for a toddler's autonomy and instead shame them for failures?

    <p>The toddler may develop a pattern of self-blame and doubt</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the text, what are the three distinct patterns of temperament displayed by infants?

    <p>Easy babies, difficult babies, slow to warm up babies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the text, what is attachment?

    <p>The strong and enduring emotional bond between an infant and a caregiver</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the text, what are the theoretical foundations of attachment formation?

    <p>Ethological view, working models, and psychoanalytic approach</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the text, what are signaling behaviors?

    <p>Crying, cooing, babbling</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT one of the explanations for the development of autonomy in children?

    <p>IdenDPcaDon of parents</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of reinforcement in operant conditioning?

    <p>Reinforcement is used to encourage desirable behaviors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for a child's feeling that they are an important, competent, powerful, and worthwhile person?

    <p>Self-esteem</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the first primary means of communication?

    <p>Cooing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is caregiver-infant synchrony?

    <p>Sensitively tuned responses to an infant's signals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is secure attachment?

    <p>A healthy bond between infant and caregiver</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the text, what is operant conditioning?

    <p>A form of learning in which one organism acts or operates on the environment through voluntary behavior</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the text, what is caregiver-infant synchrony?

    <p>Sensitively tuned responses to an infant's signals which are appropriate, well timed, and rhythmic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the text, what is co-regulation?

    <p>Joint attention and reciprocal turn-taking in parent-infant interaction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the text, what is the Goodness of Fit model?

    <p>Describes the interactions between infant temperament and environmental pressures</p> Signup and view all the answers

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