Podcast
Questions and Answers
What type of syllables do infants primarily produce in their early vocalizations?
What type of syllables do infants primarily produce in their early vocalizations?
At what age do infants begin to babble somewhat distinctively in relation to the language they are exposed to?
At what age do infants begin to babble somewhat distinctively in relation to the language they are exposed to?
How do native speakers differentiate between the babble of infants learning their language versus that of infants learning other languages?
How do native speakers differentiate between the babble of infants learning their language versus that of infants learning other languages?
Which of the following sounds are rarely produced by infants learning English?
Which of the following sounds are rarely produced by infants learning English?
Signup and view all the answers
What is indicated about deaf infants who are deprived of hearing speech?
What is indicated about deaf infants who are deprived of hearing speech?
Signup and view all the answers
What is equivalent to babbling for deaf infants who are exposed to sign language from birth?
What is equivalent to babbling for deaf infants who are exposed to sign language from birth?
Signup and view all the answers
What phenomenon occurs when infants babble using the intonation contours of the language they hear?
What phenomenon occurs when infants babble using the intonation contours of the language they hear?
Signup and view all the answers
From which stage of vocal development do children typically move into uttering their first words?
From which stage of vocal development do children typically move into uttering their first words?
Signup and view all the answers
What characteristic of irregular verbs contributes to their easier learning compared to regular verbs?
What characteristic of irregular verbs contributes to their easier learning compared to regular verbs?
Signup and view all the answers
Which variable is NOT mentioned as influencing the learning of morphemes?
Which variable is NOT mentioned as influencing the learning of morphemes?
Signup and view all the answers
What rating is assigned to the Past Regular form regarding Meaningfulness?
What rating is assigned to the Past Regular form regarding Meaningfulness?
Signup and view all the answers
What types of complex structures do children learn during their early speech stages?
What types of complex structures do children learn during their early speech stages?
Signup and view all the answers
How is the term 'rules' understood in the context of children's language learning?
How is the term 'rules' understood in the context of children's language learning?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following does NOT reflect the higher learning of morphemes?
Which of the following does NOT reflect the higher learning of morphemes?
Signup and view all the answers
In the context provided, what aspect of irregular forms is highlighted?
In the context provided, what aspect of irregular forms is highlighted?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following rules is NOT mentioned as part of the complex structures learned by children?
Which of the following rules is NOT mentioned as part of the complex structures learned by children?
Signup and view all the answers
What do children not add when using a modal verb?
What do children not add when using a modal verb?
Signup and view all the answers
What error in negation might children still make after achieving mastery?
What error in negation might children still make after achieving mastery?
Signup and view all the answers
How does the understanding of speech relate to production in children?
How does the understanding of speech relate to production in children?
Signup and view all the answers
What was the purpose of Benzaquen et al.'s 1990 research?
What was the purpose of Benzaquen et al.'s 1990 research?
Signup and view all the answers
What aspect of fetal development is debated regarding the reception of speech sounds?
What aspect of fetal development is debated regarding the reception of speech sounds?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following describes the children's speech comprehension development phase?
Which of the following describes the children's speech comprehension development phase?
Signup and view all the answers
What type of errors might persist in children's speech even after most negation errors are resolved?
What type of errors might persist in children's speech even after most negation errors are resolved?
Signup and view all the answers
How long does the mastery of negation take in children according to the observations?
How long does the mastery of negation take in children according to the observations?
Signup and view all the answers
What change must be made to the word 'some' in negative structures?
What change must be made to the word 'some' in negative structures?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following statements about AUX + NEG contraction is true?
Which of the following statements about AUX + NEG contraction is true?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the first period of negation acquisition characterized by?
What is the first period of negation acquisition characterized by?
Signup and view all the answers
Which example illustrates the negation marker's placement in the first period of negation acquisition?
Which example illustrates the negation marker's placement in the first period of negation acquisition?
Signup and view all the answers
How do French children typically form negations in comparison to English?
How do French children typically form negations in comparison to English?
Signup and view all the answers
What do studies by Klima and Bellugi indicate about children's acquisition of negation?
What do studies by Klima and Bellugi indicate about children's acquisition of negation?
Signup and view all the answers
What structure is commonly used by children in the earliest period of negation acquisition?
What structure is commonly used by children in the earliest period of negation acquisition?
Signup and view all the answers
When children learn negation, what is a typical characteristic of their utterances?
When children learn negation, what is a typical characteristic of their utterances?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the primary function of thought in relation to language?
What is the primary function of thought in relation to language?
Signup and view all the answers
Why is merely hearing the sentence ‘John chased Bill’ insufficient for understanding its meaning?
Why is merely hearing the sentence ‘John chased Bill’ insufficient for understanding its meaning?
Signup and view all the answers
What was the impact of Chomsky’s theorizing in the 1960s on language studies?
What was the impact of Chomsky’s theorizing in the 1960s on language studies?
Signup and view all the answers
What is Parentese also known as?
What is Parentese also known as?
Signup and view all the answers
What has research shown about children who are exposed to limited language input?
What has research shown about children who are exposed to limited language input?
Signup and view all the answers
Which terms refer to the type of speech that includes Parentese?
Which terms refer to the type of speech that includes Parentese?
Signup and view all the answers
Who coined the term 'Parentese'?
Who coined the term 'Parentese'?
Signup and view all the answers
How does experiential input influence language acquisition in children?
How does experiential input influence language acquisition in children?
Signup and view all the answers
How does a child begin to associate words with feelings?
How does a child begin to associate words with feelings?
Signup and view all the answers
What is necessary for a child to discover the meaning of the word 'lie'?
What is necessary for a child to discover the meaning of the word 'lie'?
Signup and view all the answers
Which type of words represents a greater challenge for a child to learn?
Which type of words represents a greater challenge for a child to learn?
Signup and view all the answers
What does a child need to do after hearing a word like 'hurt' in context?
What does a child need to do after hearing a word like 'hurt' in context?
Signup and view all the answers
What mental process is involved when a child associates a sound form with a feeling?
What mental process is involved when a child associates a sound form with a feeling?
Signup and view all the answers
Why does the word 'guess' present difficulty for a child to learn?
Why does the word 'guess' present difficulty for a child to learn?
Signup and view all the answers
What allows a child to assign meaning to the word 'hurt'?
What allows a child to assign meaning to the word 'hurt'?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following is true about the learning process of first-language acquisition in children?
Which of the following is true about the learning process of first-language acquisition in children?
Signup and view all the answers
Study Notes
Chapter 1: How children learn language
- Children develop language abilities from birth to age 4, mastering vocabulary, grammar, and various sentence structures.
- This rapid language acquisition is a significant topic in psycholinguistics.
- Speech production and comprehension are distinct but related processes.
1.1 Development of Speech Production
- Infants produce a variety of sounds (crying, cooing, gurgling) before speech.
- Babbling, typically appearing around 7 months, involves repeated syllables (consonant-vowel combinations).
- Babbling varies by language community in intonation.
- Deaf infants exposed to sign language exhibit babbling-equvalent-hand gestures.
1.1.1.1 Vocalization to Babbling
- Infants produce a range of sounds prior to speech, which vary by the language spoken.
- Sounds take on the characteristics of speech over time (6 months).
- Click sounds and th sounds, for example, are rare in some languages at this early stage.
1.1.1.2 Babbling to Speech
- Infants start to speak words around 12 months or later.
- Not all babbled sounds appear in speech.
- Acquiring speech sounds may have an order (e.g., early sounds vs. later sounds).
- A phoneme is a class of speech sounds in a language.
1.1.1.3 Explaining the acquisition order of consonants and vowels
- Consonants are typically acquired in a front-to-back order, vowels in a back-to-front order.
- Theories for predicting sound order exist, but empirical support is limited.
- Factors like visibility of articulators and ease of articulation influence the speed of acquisition.
1.1.2 Early Speech Stages
- Naming, holophrastic, telegraphic, morphemic stages of speech development.
- Children as young as 4 months to 18 months or older may utter their first words.
- Children may use 'one-word utterances' to express complex ideas (Holophrastic function.)
- Two- and three-word utterances are common around 2 years of age.
- Early utterances show varied purposes, semantic relations, and complex use of language.
1.1.2.1 Naming
- Children typically use nouns first as proper nouns for specific objects.
- Later they may extend their use of nouns to people in common.
1.1.2.2 Holophrastic function
- Children may use single words to express complex ideas.
- (one-word utterances.)
1.1.2.3 Telegraphic Speech
- Children start using two- or three-word utterances around age 2.
- Simple sentences containing basic grammatical elements.
1.1.2.4 Morpheme Acquisition
- Children add function words and inflections to utterances.
- Morphemes, like plural/s, are acquired in a particular order.
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Related Documents
Description
This quiz explores the stages of vocal development in infants, focusing on early vocalizations, babbling, and the differentiation of sounds. It also examines factors influencing the learning of language structures and the effects of exposure to sign language for deaf infants. Test your understanding of these crucial language milestones!
