Industrial Revolution Flashcards 13.1 and 13.2

Gradual replacement of many simple hand tools by machines.

A drug that prevents pain during surgery.

The process of taking over and consolidating land formerly shared by peasant farmers.

<p>Improved the steam engine in order to make it more efficient.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To separate iron from its ore.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Money used to invest in business or enterprise.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A business organization in such areas as shipping, mining, railroads, or factories.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Someone who organizes, manages, and assumes the financial risks of starting a new business or enterprise.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>&quot;Cottage industry&quot;, where peasant families assume different roles in creating cotton cloth.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Inventor of the cotton gin, a machine that separated the seeds from the raw cotton at a fast rate.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Private roads built by entrepreneurs who charged travelers a toll, or fee, to use them.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>An industrial city in northern Britain that was part of the first major rail line that opened in England.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>An industrial city in northern Britain that was part of the first major rail line that opened in England.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The movement of people from rural areas to cities.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Multistory buildings divided into many tiny apartments.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Organizations of workers who bargain for better pay and working conditions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A measure of quality of life based on the amounts and kinds of goods and services a person can buy.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The ability to move up the social scale.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>An unregulated exchange of goods and services.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A laissez-faire thinker and author who believed that war, famine, and disease limit the growth of populations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A British philosopher and economist who advocated utilitarianism.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The idea that the goal of society should be the greatest good or happiness for the greatest number of people.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>An economic system in which the government would own and operate the primary means of production.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Farms, factories, railways, and other large businesses that produce and distribute goods.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A Welsh social reformer and one of the founders of utopian socialism.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A German philosopher who wrote the Communist Manifesto.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A system of government in which the state controls all economic and political life.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Marx's term for the working class.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A political ideology favoring gradual transition from capitalism to socialism instead of a violent overthrow of the system.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Before the Industrial Revolution, people lived in small farming villages. With the onset of the Industrial Revolution, the rural way of life began to disappear as industrial towns and cities grew.</p> Signup and view all the answers