Industrial Psychology Quiz

Introduction to Industrial-Organizational Psychology

• Industrial-Organizational Psychology (I/O) is a branch of psychology focusing on work behavior and applying psychological principles in the workplace.
• I/O Psychologists utilize psychological theories to improve human behavior effectiveness in the workplace.

Industrial Focus

• Focuses on defining required job competencies.
• Involves areas of:
  • Recruitment
  • Hiring/Selection
  • Performance Management
  • Training and Development
  • Job Classification

Organizational Focus

• Concerned with creating an organizational culture and structure that motivates employees.
• Provides information for job and working conditions to create a satisfying work environment.
• Involves areas of:
  • Leadership
  • Teams
  • Organizational Development
  • Change Management
  • Employee Experience

Major Fields of I/O Psychology

• This information is not provided in the text.

Brief Summary of I/O Psychology

• 1910 - Hugo Munsterberg wrote "Psychology and Industrial Efficiency".
• 1911 - Frederick W. Taylor was known as the Father of "Scientific Management."
• 1915 - Franck and Lilian Gilbreth were known as "efficiency experts" and focused on reducing fatigue through time and motion analysis.
• 1917 - The "Journal of Applied Psychology" was published.
• 1920 - World War I led to the rise of "Personnel Psychology" through the recruitment of soldiers.
  • An "Army Alpha" intelligence test was developed for literate soldiers.
  • An "Army Beta" test was created for non-literate soldiers.
• John B.Watson designed perception and motor tests for potential pilots.
• 1930s - The "Hawthorne Studies" focused on improving the work environment.
  • The "Hawthorne Effect" suggests productivity increased simply by observing employees and giving them attention.
• 1960s - Civil rights legislation influenced selection techniques, leading to sensitivity training and T-groups.
• 1970s - B.F. Skinner's "Beyond Freedom and Dignity" increased focus on Behavior Modifications.
• 2000s - Technology advancements and the rise of women and diverse individuals in the workplace and managerial roles significantly impacted I/O psychology.

Research Methods in I/O Psychology

• Experiment
• Quasi-experiment
• Case study
• Survey
• Interview
• Natural Observation

Ethics in Research (I/O)

• Informed consent is required.
• Debriefing participants is essential.
• Research Review Boards ensure ethical research practices.

Work Psychology Focus

• Studies how individual and group behavior impacts work performance and organizational success
• Examines factors like motivation, stress, leadership, team dynamics, and job satisfaction

Workplace Application

• Improving employee selection, training, and performance through psychological principles

Applied Psychology in the Workplace

• Optimizing human potential within organizations
• Enhancing productivity, employee well-being, and organizational effectiveness

Significance of Understanding Work Behavior

• Understanding work behavior through psychology improves decision-making regarding employee management and organizational policies.

Non-Covered Aspect

• The principles of psychology applied to the workplace typically do not cover legal matters related to work behavior.