Podcast
Questions and Answers
Industrial/Organizational Psychology is a branch of psychology that applies the principles of psychology to where?
Industrial/Organizational Psychology is a branch of psychology that applies the principles of psychology to where?
- Schools
- The workplace (correct)
- Communities
- Hospitals
What is the purpose of Industrial/Organizational Psychology?
What is the purpose of Industrial/Organizational Psychology?
- To improve the economic performance of organizations only
- To enhance the dignity and performance of human beings and the organizations they work in (correct)
- To advance the science and knowledge of human behavior only
- To reduce employee turnover only
What is the focus of Industrial Approach in I/O Psychology?
What is the focus of Industrial Approach in I/O Psychology?
- Improving working conditions
- Conducting research and testing techniques
- Determining the competencies needed to perform a job (correct)
- Creating an organizational structure and culture
What is unique about I/O Psychology professionals?
What is unique about I/O Psychology professionals?
What is the approach that creates an organizational structure and culture?
What is the approach that creates an organizational structure and culture?
What does Organizational Approach focus on?
What does Organizational Approach focus on?
What does I/O Psychology rely extensively on?
What does I/O Psychology rely extensively on?
What is the focus of I/O Psychology?
What is the focus of I/O Psychology?
What is used in I/O Psychology to make decisions?
What is used in I/O Psychology to make decisions?
Who coined the definition of I/O Psychology?
Who coined the definition of I/O Psychology?
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Study Notes
Industrial-Organizational Psychology
- Concerned with enhancing the dignity and performance of human beings and organizations by advancing the science and knowledge of human behavior
- Focuses on issues involving people in an organization, relying on research, quantitative methods, and testing techniques
- Employs the Science-Practitioner Model, where I/O professionals act as scientists in research and practitioners when working with organizations
Personnel Psychology
- Studies and practices in areas like job analysis, recruiting, selecting employees, determining salary levels, training, and evaluating employee performance
- Involves constructing performance appraisal instruments and examining methods for training and developing employees
Industrial-Organizational Psychology Subfields
- Industrial Approach: focuses on determining job competencies, staffing, and training to increase competencies
- Organizational Approach: creates an organizational structure and culture to motivate employees, provide necessary information, and ensure good working conditions
- Human Factors/Ergonomics: concentrates on workplace design, human-machine interaction, ergonomics, and physical fatigue and stress
Brief History of I/O Psychology
- Walter Dill Scott: Theory of advertising; psychology first applied to business
- Hugo Munsterberg: Psychology and Industrial Efficiency
- Early applications: Army Alpha and Beta tests during WWI, Thomas Edison's 163-item knowledge test, and Frank and Lillian Gilbreth's motion study
- 1960s-2000s: Civil rights legislation, sensitivity trainings, behavior-modification techniques, statistical techniques, cognitive psychology, and focus on work-life balance
Factors Impacting I/O Psychology
- Global economy
- Diversified demographics
- Legislation (e.g., Civil Rights)
- Technological advancements
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