Indirect Transfer of Infectious Agents Quiz

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Which factor contributes to the risk of infection in hospitalized patients?

Impaired immunity (correct)

Consumption of vitamins

Exposure to sunlight

Regular exercise routine

What is an example of a potential entry point for infection in hospital patients?

Regular handwashing

Initial insertion of a medical device (correct)

Consuming a healthy diet

Exposure to fresh air

What is cited as an additional risk factor for infection in hospital patients?

Trauma including surgery (correct)

Adequate sleep patterns

Regular physical therapy sessions

Sufficient hydration levels

Which type of infection is associated with MRSA auto-infection?

Wound infection Signup and view all the answers

What is a common source of cross-infection in hospitals?

Contaminated environment (dust, air conditioning) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main method of transmission for pathogens like MRSA and foodborne infections?

Indirect transmission via contaminated objects or people Signup and view all the answers

Which type of pathogens can remain suspended in the air for long periods and access the lower respiratory tract?

Airborne droplet nuclei Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of pathogens like M.tuberculosis and measles regarding their transmission?

They can survive for long periods in air as small particles Signup and view all the answers

Which statement best describes the traditional medical distinction that is now being replaced by a more scientific classification?

Classifying pathogens based on their mode of transmission Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic feature of droplet transmission from an infected person?

Involves larger particles produced during talking or coughing Signup and view all the answers

Where are pathogens like S.aureus primarily sourced from when leading to wound infections?

Human nose and skin Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the impacts of Healthcare Associated Infections (HAI) mentioned in the text?

Increased pain and distress Signup and view all the answers

Why are point prevalence surveys done every few years?

Because they are expensive and complex Signup and view all the answers

Which bacteria are specifically mentioned in the text as 'alert organisms' likely acquired in the hospital?

Meticillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) Signup and view all the answers

Why is surveillance of Healthcare infection important in hospitals?

To monitor changes over time and allow comparisons Signup and view all the answers

What is one role of the Infection Control Service mentioned in the text?

Providing education to clinical staff Signup and view all the answers

Why do some bacteria infect patients in hospitals who would not normally be infected by them?

Due to the misuse of antibiotics Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of Enterobacterales/Enterobacteriaceae?

They are Gram-positive bacteria Signup and view all the answers

According to the 2017 Europe-wide prevalence survey in Ireland, what was the overall rate of healthcare-associated infections (HCAI)?

6.1% Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following was NOT one of the leading healthcare-associated infections (HCAI) identified in the 2017 survey?

Meningitis Signup and view all the answers

According to the 2017 survey, what percentage of patients with healthcare-associated infections had an infection caused by Clostridium difficile?

4.4% Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following organisms was the most common cause of healthcare-associated infections, according to the 2017 survey?

Escherichia coli Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of diarrhea following antibiotic therapy, according to the text?

Clostridium difficile Signup and view all the answers

According to the passage, which type of transmission is associated with large particles that settle on the ground within 1 meter and less than 5 minutes?

Droplet transmission Signup and view all the answers

What is the key difference between droplet and aerosol/airborne transmission according to the passage?

Droplet transmission involves particles that contaminate the immediate environment, while aerosol/airborne transmission involves particles that can travel long distances. Signup and view all the answers

According to the passage, what is the recommended distance to maintain to prevent droplet transmission?

2 meters Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage as a countermeasure for droplet transmission?

Wearing a full-body hazmat suit Signup and view all the answers

Based on the passage, which of the following statements about respiratory particles is true?

Respiratory particles can travel more than 2 meters from the source according to MIT Physics lab experiments. Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the statement in the passage about 1000 frames per second images of a sneeze?

It suggests that high-speed imaging is necessary to study the dynamics of respiratory particle emission. Signup and view all the answers