18 Questions
Which type of transmission involves an arthropod as the carrier of an infectious agent?
Vector-borne transmission
What type of transmission occurs when an infected individual contaminates food or water with their feces?
Fecal-oral transmission
In which type of transmission can the infectious agent travel long distances suspended in the air?
Airborne transmission
Which subtype of indirect transmission involves inanimate objects as the vehicle for the infectious agent?
Vehicle-borne transmission
What is the initial step in the establishment of infection by microorganisms?
Adhesion (Attachment)
Which type of transmission can occur when an infected mother passes the pathogen to her baby through the placenta?
Transplacental transmission
What is the initial step in the process of pathogenesis involving bacterial infection?
Transmission
Which body sites are dense with normal flora in healthy individuals?
Skin and oropharynx
What step follows colonization in the pathogenesis of bacteria?
Invasion
How do potential pathogens enter the body in indirect transmission?
Blood and penetration of skin
Which route of transmission involves exposure to a pathogen through the respiratory tract?
Airborne transmission
What is the hidden stage of a microorganism in the host before producing clinical disease?
Latent infection
What is the main difference between direct and indirect modes of transmission?
Direct transmission requires no intermediates, while indirect transmission involves intermediates like air or water.
Which of the following is an example of direct person-to-person transmission?
Touching an infected person
In transplacental transmission, how is the infectious agent passed from mother to fetus?
Through the placenta
Which of the following is an example of indirect transmission of an infectious agent?
A mosquito bite transmitting a virus
How are respiratory droplets typically involved in person-to-person transmission of pathogens?
They are inhaled by a new host through sneezing or coughing.
What distinguishes airborne transmission from other modes of transmission?
Involves infectious agents carried by small particles that can remain suspended in the air for long distances.
Learn about the four subtypes of indirect transmission, including airborne transmission and vehicle-borne transmission. Understand how infectious agents can be transmitted through dried secretions or contaminated objects.
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