Infectious Agents Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What are viruses primarily composed of?

  • DNA core enclosed in a lipid envelope
  • DNA or RNA core surrounded by a protein coat (correct)
  • Protein core surrounded by a lipid envelope
  • RNA core enclosed in a protein coat

    • What is the key characteristic of bacteriophages?

  • Infecting only a specific type of virus
  • Ability to replicate outside a host cell
  • Incredible specificity leading to emergence of phage therapy (correct)
  • Lack of genetic material

    • What is the host range of a virus?

  • The variety of genetic material a virus can transfer
  • A limited number of host cells that it can infect (correct)
  • The number of viruses a host cell can contain
  • The range of environmental conditions a virus can survive in

    • What does it mean that viruses are obligate intracellular parasites?

    <p>They can only replicate within a host cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the structure of a virus?

    <p>Nucleic acid enclosed in a protein coat, and in some cases, a membranous envelope</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary mode of virus replication?

    <p>Replication only within a living host cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significant feature of the life cycle of phages?

    <p>Involvement in the transfer of genetic material</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary characteristic of a virus's structure?

    <p>Being acellular and not a cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of a genetic takeover by bacteriophages?

    <p>Infection and alteration of bacteria's genetic material</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary location for virus replication?

    <p>Within a living host cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of the protein coat in viruses?

    <p>Protecting the nucleic acid core</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary outcome of a virus's infection of a host cell?

    <p>Replication of the virus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of toxin is produced by Claviceps purpurea and Aspergillus, causing pathogenic properties in fungi?

    <p>Ergot toxin and Aflatoxin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary mode of reproduction for fungi that can cause mycoses?

    <p>Both filamentous and macroscopic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which group of organisms are unicellular without cell walls and include amoebae, ciliates, flagellates, and sporozoans?

    <p>Protozoa</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary characteristic of algae?

    <p>Containing chlorophyll and carrying out oxygenic photosynthesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary cause of brain diseases like scrapie in sheep, mad cow disease, and Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease in humans?

    <p>Prions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary problematic characteristic of COVID-19?

    <p>Large number of asymptomatic carriers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary mode of action of prions?

    <p>Converting normal proteins into the prion version</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary characteristic of COVID-19 vaccines and biotherapeutics?

    <p>Showing promise in combating COVID-19</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary outcome of faster and cheaper tests being developed for pandemic control?

    <p>Pandemic control through test and trace strategies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a characteristic of lichens?

    <p>A symbiotic relationship between fungi and algae</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary characteristic of viruses in terms of host cells?

    <p>Penetrating and growing inside host cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary characteristic of prions?

    <p>Infectious proteins causing brain diseases in mammals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary problematic characteristic of COVID-19?

    <p>Large number of asymptomatic carriers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary mode of reproduction for fungi that can cause mycoses?

    <p>Asexual and sexual reproduction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary characteristic of algae?

    <p>Containing chlorophyll and carrying out oxygenic photosynthesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of the protein coat in viruses?

    <p>Protection and recognition</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary outcome of faster and cheaper tests being developed for pandemic control?

    <p>Test and trace strategies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary cause of brain diseases like scrapie in sheep, mad cow disease, and Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease in humans?

    <p>Infectious proteins called prions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary characteristic of COVID-19 vaccines and biotherapeutics?

    <p>Showing promise in combating COVID-19</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary outcome of a virus's infection of a host cell?

    <p>Inhibit host DNA/RNA and protein synthesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary characteristic of viruses in terms of host cells?

    <p>Obligate intracellular parasites</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary characteristic of the life cycle of phages?

    <p>Infect and replicate within bacterial cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary mode of virus replication?

    <p>Using host cell machinery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary characteristic of viruses?

    <p>They consist of DNA or RNA core surrounded by a protein coat</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the key feature of the life cycle of phages?

    <p>Involvement in the transfer of genetic material</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of the protein coat in viruses?

    <p>Protection of the genetic material</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the host range of a virus?

    <p>The limited number of host cells that it can infect</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary outcome of a virus's infection of a host cell?

    <p>Replication within the host cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does it mean that viruses are obligate intracellular parasites?

    <p>They can only replicate within a host cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary cause of brain diseases like scrapie in sheep, mad cow disease, and Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease in humans?

    <p>Prions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are viruses primarily composed of?

    <p>Nucleic acid enclosed in a protein coat</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary mode of reproduction for fungi that can cause mycoses?

    <p>Release of spores</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary characteristic of algae?

    <p>They are unicellular without cell walls</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significant feature of the life cycle of phages?

    <p>Involvement in the transfer of genetic material</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary characteristic of bacteriophages?

    <p>They can infect and take over the genetic material of bacteria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Viral Pathogenesis and Pandemics, Fungal and Protist Infections, and Prions

    • Viruses can penetrate and grow inside host cells, inhibit host DNA/RNA and protein synthesis, and cause a Cytopathic effect (CPE).
    • COVID-19, caused by a Coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2), is highly problematic due to its large number of asymptomatic carriers, effective human-to-human spread, and severe disease in some individuals.
    • Vaccines and biotherapeutics show promise in combating COVID-19, with many drugs and monoclonal antibodies in the pipeline.
    • Faster and cheaper tests are being developed for pandemic control through test and trace strategies.
    • Fungi are eukaryotes with chitin cell walls and diverse species, including molds and mushrooms, and can cause mycoses with varied pathogenic properties.
    • Fungal diseases, such as systemic mycoses and superficial mycoses, are caused by toxic metabolic products and parasitic properties of fungi.
    • Ergot toxin from Claviceps purpurea and Aflatoxin from Aspergillus are examples of pathogenic properties of fungi.
    • Fungi can be filamentous (molds) or macroscopic (mushrooms) and unicellular (yeasts), with different modes of reproduction and pathogenic potential.
    • Algae, containing chlorophyll and carrying out oxygenic photosynthesis, are a large and diverse group, including pathogenic species like red tide dinoflagellates and Pfeisteria.
    • Lichens are a symbiotic relationship between fungi and algae, while protozoa are unicellular organisms without cell walls, with various groups like amoebae, ciliates, flagellates, and sporozoans, some of which are pathogenic.
    • Prions are infectious proteins that cause brain diseases in mammals, propagate by converting normal proteins into the prion version, and are associated with diseases like scrapie in sheep, mad cow disease, and Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease in humans.
    • Prions are distinct from conventional viruses, devoid of DNA or RNA, and composed primarily of a protein called Prion.

    Viral Pathogenesis and Pandemics, Fungal and Protist Infections, and Prions

    • Viruses can penetrate and grow inside host cells, inhibit host DNA/RNA and protein synthesis, and cause a Cytopathic effect (CPE).
    • COVID-19, caused by a Coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2), is highly problematic due to its large number of asymptomatic carriers, effective human-to-human spread, and severe disease in some individuals.
    • Vaccines and biotherapeutics show promise in combating COVID-19, with many drugs and monoclonal antibodies in the pipeline.
    • Faster and cheaper tests are being developed for pandemic control through test and trace strategies.
    • Fungi are eukaryotes with chitin cell walls and diverse species, including molds and mushrooms, and can cause mycoses with varied pathogenic properties.
    • Fungal diseases, such as systemic mycoses and superficial mycoses, are caused by toxic metabolic products and parasitic properties of fungi.
    • Ergot toxin from Claviceps purpurea and Aflatoxin from Aspergillus are examples of pathogenic properties of fungi.
    • Fungi can be filamentous (molds) or macroscopic (mushrooms) and unicellular (yeasts), with different modes of reproduction and pathogenic potential.
    • Algae, containing chlorophyll and carrying out oxygenic photosynthesis, are a large and diverse group, including pathogenic species like red tide dinoflagellates and Pfeisteria.
    • Lichens are a symbiotic relationship between fungi and algae, while protozoa are unicellular organisms without cell walls, with various groups like amoebae, ciliates, flagellates, and sporozoans, some of which are pathogenic.
    • Prions are infectious proteins that cause brain diseases in mammals, propagate by converting normal proteins into the prion version, and are associated with diseases like scrapie in sheep, mad cow disease, and Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease in humans.
    • Prions are distinct from conventional viruses, devoid of DNA or RNA, and composed primarily of a protein called Prion.

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    Description

    Test your knowledge on Viral Pathogenesis and Pandemics, Fungal and Protist Infections, and Prions with this informative quiz. Explore topics such as the pathogenic properties of viruses, the challenges posed by COVID-19, the diverse nature of fungi and protists, and the unique characteristics of prions. Gain insights into the mechanisms of infection and the potential strategies for combating these infectious agents.

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