Indian Railways Data Networks Quiz
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What are the three major data networks of Indian Railways?

  • Railnet, Smart Ticketing, Control Office Automation
  • Railnet, Time Table Management, Human Resource Management System
  • Railnet, Unified Ticketing Network (UTN), FOIS network (correct)
  • Railway Budget System, E-Drishti, Freight Operations Information System

    • Which system is NOT mentioned as a part of the passenger reservation applications?

  • Passenger Reservation System (PRS)
  • Integrated Coaching Management System (ICMS)
  • Unreserved Ticketing System (UTS)
  • Freight Operations Information System (FOIS) (correct)

    • Which of the following applications is focused on material management?

  • Integrated Payroll and Accounting System (IPAS)
  • Material Management Information System (MMIS) (correct)
  • E-procurement System
  • Health Management Information System (HMIS)

    • What is the primary function of the Time Table Management System mentioned?

    <p>Coordinating train schedules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which network utilizes bandwidth from the RailTel Corporation of India (RCIL)?

    <p>Railnet</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which system is likely to provide data for monitoring employee schedules?

    <p>Integrated Coaching Management System (ICMS)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what capacity does E-Drishti function within Indian Railways?

    <p>A dashboard for performance monitoring</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of adopting mesh architecture in data networks for Railway operations?

    <p>To ensure 100% availability and protect against single points of failure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following devices is NOT typically included in the data network infrastructure?

    <p>Projectors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the desired availability at the access level of the network?

    <p>99.9%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about network extension is true?

    <p>The selected components must allow for scalability without replacing existing equipment.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What measures should be taken regarding channels utilized from public networks?

    <p>They require adequate protection such as VPN and encryption.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What aspect of VPNs enhances the security of data transmission over public networks?

    <p>Encryption as a common feature</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of the current networking technology for Railnet?

    <p>The backbone operates at speeds of 2 Mbps</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can Zonal Railways manage their bandwidth within the Railnet system?

    <p>According to the demands of their operations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What infrastructure does Railnet currently utilize?

    <p>MPLS infrastructure of RCIL</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What feature is essential for the high availability setup of Railnet routers?

    <p>1+1 redundancy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the minimum network speed that should be planned for future IP networks at the distribution level?

    <p>2 Mbps</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following could be included in the Railnet setup at zonal and divisional HQs?

    <p>DNS cache server</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a primary benefit of using a VPN for Railnet users?

    <p>Functionality and management of a private network</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the initial network speeds of earlier networks?

    <p>Limited to 9.6 Kbps initially</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of switch should be used as the core switch in the Railnet LAN Architecture?

    <p>Layer 3 switch</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which feature is NOT a requirement for the Layer 2 switches in the Railnet LAN Architecture?

    <p>Routing capabilities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of cable should be used for the connectivity between the clients and the distribution/access switch?

    <p>Cat-6 UTP cable</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many computers should one VLAN typically encompass in the Railnet LAN Architecture?

    <p>70-100 computers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the minimum requirement for the access ports in the distribution switch?

    <p>Non-blocking Gigabit PoE access ports</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What mechanism is used to build MAC address tables in the Layer 2 switches?

    <p>DHCP snooping</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a requirement for network access according to the Railnet LAN Architecture?

    <p>Obtaining IP address from a DHCP server</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of redundancy is required for the DHCP servers in the Railnet LAN Architecture?

    <p>Two DHCP servers providing IP addresses from disjoint sets</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should the connectivity between the Layer 2 switch and the Layer 3 switch be based on?

    <p>Fiber Optic Cable (OFC)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What function does Reconnaissance Bridge Configuration provide in the Railnet LAN Architecture?

    <p>Recognizing trusted DHCP servers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the preferred method for connecting multiple Layer 2 switches at one location?

    <p>Using stacked configurations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How should load balancing be configured between two Layer 3 switches?

    <p>One switch serves half the VLANs and the other serves the remaining half</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What protocol should be configured between Layer 3 switches for redundancy in gateway IP assignments?

    <p>VRRP (Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of the PRS network in the ticketing system?

    <p>To issue reserved tickets to railway passengers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of the FOIS network?

    <p>To operate the Freight Operation Information System</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What routing protocol is utilized by the FOIS network?

    <p>OSPF (Open Shortest Path First)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When connecting Layer 3 switches to routers on the WAN side, what is the primary role of the switches?

    <p>To route traffic out of the network towards an MPLS network</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the UTS network's functionality?

    <p>It is used to issue unreserved tickets to passengers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the configuration of Layer 3 switches in different VLANs allow for?

    <p>Manual configuration of IP addresses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What system is included within the operational intelligence software hosted on the FOIS network?

    <p>Control Office Application</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Data Network

    • Data network interconnects many data processing devices, enabling data transfer.
    • Indian Railways has three main networks: Railnet, Unified Ticketing Network (UTN), and FOIS network.
    • Other special purpose networks are also being established for monitoring CCTV, VoIP control communications, etc.
    • Many applications are already using these networks, with more planned.

    Passenger Reservation System (PRS) & Unreserved Ticketing System (UTS)

    • A system for passenger reservation and unreserved ticketing.

    Freight Operations Information System (FOIS), Coaching Operations Information System (COIS), Control Office Automation (COA) & Crew Management System (CMS)

    • Systems handling freight, coaching operations, control office automation, and crew management.

    Material Management Information System (MMIS)

    • A system for managing railway materials.

    Integrated Coaching Management System (ICMS)

    • Part of the railway's integrated management systems..

    Parcel management system (PMS)

    • Manages parcels and shipments related to railway operations

    Time Table Management System (Satsang)

    • Manages railway timetables.

    Software for Electric Locomotive Asset Management (SLAM)

    • Software for managing electric locomotive assets.

    E-procurement System

    • An online procurement system for railway needs.

    Integrated Material Management System (iMMS)

    • An integrated system for materials management.

    Locomotive Management System (LMS)

    • Manages locomotives.

    Health Management Information System (HMIS)

    • A system for managing the health of railway personnel.

    e-Office

    • An electronic office system.

    Track Management System (TMS)

    • Manages railway tracks.

    Works Program Management System

    • System for managing railway works programs.

    Railway Land Management System

    • Manages railway land.

    RPF Security Management System (RSMS)

    • System for managing the security of railway property..

    e-Drishti - A Dashboard for Indian Railways

    • A dashboard providing information on Indian Railways.

    TDMS - Traction Distribution Management System (Pilot project)

    • A traction distribution management system (pilot project).

    EEMS – Electrical Energy Management System

    • Manages railway electrical energy.

    Signaling Maintenance Management System (SMMS)

    • Manages railway signaling maintenance.

    Real-time Train Information System (RTIS)

    • Provides real-time information on trains.

    Integrated Payroll and Accounting System (IPAS) and Web enabled Railway Budget System

    • Integrated payroll and accounting system.

    Computerization of Train Signal Registers (TSR)

    • Computerized train signal registers.

    Human Resource Management System (HRMS)

    • Manages human resources.

    Communication Media and Network Speeds

    • A mix of communication media like OFC, GSM-R/LTE, IP Radio, VSAT, twisted copper is used, along with Fiber cable/Cat 6.
    • Earlier non-IP based networks operated at 9.6 Kbps, later upgraded to 64 Kbps.
    • Current, mostly IP-based networks are 2 Mbps speed core and 64 Kbps access levels.

    Network Topology and Architecture

    • Railnet is currently built as an L3 VPN over MPLS infrastructure of RCIL.
    • Each division is connected to an MPLS router of RCIL with varying bandwidths.

    Unified Ticketing Network (UTN)

    • Used for issuing both reserved and unreserved railway tickets.
    • An IP network, spanning railway stations with ticketing functionality.

    FOIS Network

    • Used for freight operations information system, train operations, integrated management systems, and more.
    • Similar architecture to that of UTN.

    Network Access Control

    • Authentication, authorizing access levels and accounting usage.
    • Uses protocols for identifying and verifying users and managing network access rights (authentication and authorization).
    • Accounting for tracking user activity on network resources (monitoring and capturing user actions).

    Network Protection

    • Uses firewalls and intrusion prevention/detection systems for protection.
    • Antivirus software and network auditing are necessary too.

    Network Management System

    • Monitors the health of the data network, enabling system management, diagnostic, provisioning, security and MIS reporting via SNMP.
    • Indian Railways may have multiple NMS locations managing various segments of the network.

    Test and Measuring Equipments

    • Includes communication analysers, Ethernet analysers, protocol analysers, BER meter, LAN cable meters, etc.

    Fault Diagnosis

    • Diagnostics categorized into hardware, software and media/channel aspects.
    • Visual indicators, software commands, interface testing equipment, etc. are employed for analysis .

    Environment, Rack and Flooring

    • Core, critical network equipment needs air conditioning and proper environment including dust-free conditions.
    • Standard 19-inch racks are used, and false flooring can accommodate cabling and systems when needed.

    Earthing

    • Proper grounding is essential for equipment protection and safety.

    Power Supply

    • Standard power values must be input, and UPS (uninterrupted power supply) systems are crucial for reliable operation.

    Maintenance Schedule

    • Routine cleaning and inspections (monthly, yearly) of datacom equipment.
    • Monitoring operational reliability and security maintenance tasks (testing and checking cable lines, etc)

    Do's and Don'ts

    • Proper documentation, configuration backups, etc. are important to do and avoiding incorrect procedures is important to prevent issues in operation.

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    Indian Railways Data Network PDF

    Description

    Test your knowledge on the data networks of Indian Railways with this quiz. Explore topics including passenger reservation systems, material management applications, and network architecture. Ideal for those interested in railway operations and technology.

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