Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which article of the Indian Constitution prohibits traffic in human beings?
Which article of the Indian Constitution prohibits traffic in human beings?
- Article 26
- Article 24
- Article 23 (correct)
- Article 25
What does 'begar' refer to under Article 23?
What does 'begar' refer to under Article 23?
- Work that is part-time
- Work involving hazardous materials
- Work that requires extensive travel
- Work without payment (correct)
According to Article 24, what is the minimum age for employment in hazardous jobs?
According to Article 24, what is the minimum age for employment in hazardous jobs?
- 18 years
- 12 years
- 14 years (correct)
- 16 years
Which Act reinforces Article 24 regarding child labor?
Which Act reinforces Article 24 regarding child labor?
Article 25 guarantees the freedom to:
Article 25 guarantees the freedom to:
According to Article 26, religious denominations have the right to:
According to Article 26, religious denominations have the right to:
Article 27 provides freedom from:
Article 27 provides freedom from:
What does Article 28 prohibit in government-run educational institutions?
What does Article 28 prohibit in government-run educational institutions?
Article 29 protects the interests of:
Article 29 protects the interests of:
Under Article 30, minorities have the right to:
Under Article 30, minorities have the right to:
Which article allows individuals to directly approach the Supreme Court if their fundamental rights are violated?
Which article allows individuals to directly approach the Supreme Court if their fundamental rights are violated?
What does Habeas Corpus mean?
What does Habeas Corpus mean?
What is the purpose of the writ of Mandamus?
What is the purpose of the writ of Mandamus?
The writ of Prohibition aims to:
The writ of Prohibition aims to:
What is the function of the writ of Certiorari?
What is the function of the writ of Certiorari?
What does the writ of Quo Warranto prevent?
What does the writ of Quo Warranto prevent?
According to the Supreme Court, which article is the “heart and soul” of the Constitution?
According to the Supreme Court, which article is the “heart and soul” of the Constitution?
Articles 23 to 32 primarily focus on:
Articles 23 to 32 primarily focus on:
Compulsory services for public purposes are allowed under Article 23 if:
Compulsory services for public purposes are allowed under Article 23 if:
In People's Union for Democratic Rights v. Union of India (1982), the Supreme Court ruled that non-payment of ____ is a form of forced labour.
In People's Union for Democratic Rights v. Union of India (1982), the Supreme Court ruled that non-payment of ____ is a form of forced labour.
Which fundamental right do Articles 23 and 24 collectively address?
Which fundamental right do Articles 23 and 24 collectively address?
The State can regulate secular activities related to religion EXCEPT:
The State can regulate secular activities related to religion EXCEPT:
Article 26 allows religious denominations to:
Article 26 allows religious denominations to:
Which of the following is NOT a right granted to religious denominations under Article 26?
Which of the following is NOT a right granted to religious denominations under Article 26?
The government cannot use tax revenue to fund religious activities, according to:
The government cannot use tax revenue to fund religious activities, according to:
Private institutions receiving government aid CANNOT:
Private institutions receiving government aid CANNOT:
Which article ensures that minorities can preserve their culture?
Which article ensures that minorities can preserve their culture?
Article 29 primarily focuses on protecting the cultural identity of:
Article 29 primarily focuses on protecting the cultural identity of:
Which article gives minorities the right to establish their own educational institutions?
Which article gives minorities the right to establish their own educational institutions?
Under Article 30, the government CANNOT discriminate against minority institutions in:
Under Article 30, the government CANNOT discriminate against minority institutions in:
Article 32 empowers the Supreme Court to issue:
Article 32 empowers the Supreme Court to issue:
Which writ is used to protect against illegal detention?
Which writ is used to protect against illegal detention?
The writ of Mandamus is an order to:
The writ of Mandamus is an order to:
Which writ prevents a lower court from exceeding its jurisdiction?
Which writ prevents a lower court from exceeding its jurisdiction?
Certiorari allows a higher court to:
Certiorari allows a higher court to:
The writ of Quo Warranto is concerned with:
The writ of Quo Warranto is concerned with:
According to Article 32, who is the guardian of the Constitution?
According to Article 32, who is the guardian of the Constitution?
Which of these rights is NOT specifically covered by Articles 23 to 32?
Which of these rights is NOT specifically covered by Articles 23 to 32?
Aligarh Muslim University (AMU) is an example of a minority institution under:
Aligarh Muslim University (AMU) is an example of a minority institution under:
What does Article 23 of the Indian Constitution primarily prohibit?
What does Article 23 of the Indian Constitution primarily prohibit?
According to Article 25, what is guaranteed to all citizens?
According to Article 25, what is guaranteed to all citizens?
What right does Article 30 grant to minorities?
What right does Article 30 grant to minorities?
Under Article 32, who has the power to issue writs for the enforcement of fundamental rights?
Under Article 32, who has the power to issue writs for the enforcement of fundamental rights?
What type of institution is prohibited from providing religious instruction under Article 28?
What type of institution is prohibited from providing religious instruction under Article 28?
Flashcards
Article 23
Article 23
Prohibits human trafficking, forced labor, and begar (work without payment); applies to both the State and private individuals.
Article 24
Article 24
Bans employment of children below 14 years in factories, mines, or hazardous jobs to protect them from exploitation.
People's Union for Democratic Rights v. Union of India (1982)
People's Union for Democratic Rights v. Union of India (1982)
The Supreme Court ruled that non-payment of minimum wages is a form of forced labor.
Article 25
Article 25
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Article 26
Article 26
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Article 27
Article 27
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Article 28
Article 28
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Article 29
Article 29
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Article 30
Article 30
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Article 32
Article 32
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Habeas Corpus
Habeas Corpus
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Mandamus
Mandamus
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Prohibition
Prohibition
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Certiorari
Certiorari
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Quo Warranto
Quo Warranto
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Kesavananda Bharati v. State of Kerala (1973)
Kesavananda Bharati v. State of Kerala (1973)
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Study Notes
- Articles 23 to 32 of the Indian Constitution protect fundamental rights, focusing on freedom, anti-exploitation, religious freedom, cultural and educational rights, and constitutional remedies.
Right Against Exploitation (Articles 23-24)
- Articles 23 and 24 of the Indian Constitution deal with Right Against Exploitation
Article 23: Prohibition of Traffic in Human Beings and Forced Labour
- Human trafficking, forced labor, and begar (unpaid work) are prohibited by this article
- Applies to both the State and private individuals
- The State can impose compulsory service for public purposes, without unfairness
- People's Union for Democratic Rights v. Union of India (1982): The Supreme Court decided that not paying minimum wages constitutes forced labor.
Article 24: Prohibition of Employment of Children in Factories
- Employment of children under 14 in factories, mines, or hazardous jobs is banned
- The Child Labour (Prohibition and Regulation) Act, 1986 and the Right to Education (RTE) Act, 2009 reinforce this article
Right to Freedom of Religion (Articles 25-28)
- Articles 25 to 28 of the Indian Constitution deal with Right to Freedom of Religion
Article 25: Freedom of Conscience and Free Profession, Practice, and Propagation of Religion
- Guarantees the freedom to profess, practice, and spread any religion
- Subject to public order, morality, and health
- The State can regulate secular activities related to religion, such as social reforms
Article 26: Freedom to Manage Religious Affairs
- Religious groups can establish and maintain institutions, own property, and manage religious affairs independently
- The State can regulate religious institutions for social welfare
Article 27: Freedom from Taxation for Promotion of Religion
- Individuals cannot be forced to pay taxes to promote or maintain a particular religion
- Tax revenue cannot be used by the government to fund religious activities
Article 28: Freedom from Religious Instruction in Certain Institutions
- Religious instruction is banned in government-run educational institutions
- Private institutions receiving government aid cannot mandate religious instruction
- Institutions managed by religious groups can provide religious teachings
Cultural and Educational Rights (Articles 29-30)
- Articles 29 and 30 of the Indian Constitution deal with Cultural and Educational Rights
Article 29: Protection of Interests of Minorities
- Protects the cultural identity of religious or linguistic minorities
- Prevents discrimination in education based on language, religion, or culture
- Tamil-speaking minorities in Karnataka have the right to preserve their language and culture
Article 30: Right of Minorities to Establish and Administer Educational Institutions
- Religious and linguistic minorities can establish their own educational institutions
- The government cannot discriminate against these institutions when providing financial aid
- Aligarh Muslim University (AMU) and St. Xavier’s College are minority institutions under Article 30
Right to Constitutional Remedies (Articles 32-35)
- Articles 32 to 35 of the Indian Constitution deal with Right to Constitutional Remedies
Article 32: Right to Constitutional Remedies
- Allows individuals to directly approach the Supreme Court if their fundamental rights are violated
- The Supreme Court can issue writs to enforce these rights
Writs
- Habeas Corpus: protection against illegal detention
- Mandamus: order to perform a public duty
- Prohibition: prevents a lower court from exceeding its powers
- Certiorari: higher court reviews a lower court’s decision
- Quo Warranto: prevents illegal occupation of a public post
- Kesavananda Bharati v. State of Kerala (1973): Article 32 is the “heart and soul” of the Constitution (Dr. B.R. Ambedkar’s view).
Conclusion
- Articles 23 to 32 safeguard against exploitation, ensure religious freedom, protect minority rights, and offer legal remedies
- Article 32 makes the Supreme Court the guardian of the Constitution
- These articles are the foundation of social justice and individual freedom in India
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