Forced Labour in Electronics Sector
24 Questions
2 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What is a common practice of exploitation experienced by migrant workers in the electronics sector?

  • Debt bondage
  • Long working hours
  • Good living conditions
  • Passport confiscation (correct)

    • Which country's workers are particularly vulnerable to forced labour in the electronics sector?

  • Nepal
  • Bangladesh
  • Indonesia
  • All of the above (correct)

    • What is a consequence of passport confiscation experienced by migrant workers?

  • Workers are paid more
  • Workers are forced to work longer hours
  • Workers are given better living conditions
  • Workers are unable to leave exploitative situations (correct)

    • Which company is involved in the palm oil industry and has been linked to forced labour?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common issue faced by migrant workers in the palm oil industry?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common experience of domestic workers in urban centres?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which country's workers are mainly exploited in the domestic work sector?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a consequence of passport confiscation experienced by domestic workers?

    <p>Workers are unable to leave exploitative situations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary issue with the Kafala system in GCC countries?

    <p>It restricts migrant workers' freedom to change jobs or leave the country</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following organizations has reported on the plight of migrant workers in Qatar?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common practice of forced labor in the Thai fishing industry?

    <p>All of the above except B</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a geographical hotspot for forced labor?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason for the vulnerability of domestic workers?

    <p>Lack of legal protection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a specific case of forced labor in Qatar?

    <p>Construction of infrastructure for the 2022 FIFA World Cup</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary destination of migrant workers who are trafficked and forced to work in the Thai fishing industry?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common consequence of the Kafala system in GCC countries?

    <p>Migrant workers have their passports confiscated</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of domestic workers in Malaysia are in situations of forced labour?

    <p>29%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the estimated number of migrant workers in Malaysia?

    <p>2-4 million</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of migrant workers in Malaysia experience forced labour, depending on the sector?

    <p>20-42%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the economic impact of forced labour on Malaysia?

    <p>It leads to sanctions and bans from major trading partners</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many Uyghurs were transferred out of Xinjiang between 2017 and 2019 to work in factories across China under conditions that strongly indicate forced labour?

    <p>80,000</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the estimated number of people in modern slavery in India, according to the Global Slavery Index (2018)?

    <p>18.3 million</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common issue faced by migrant workers in India?

    <p>Debt bondage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why has Qatar faced significant scrutiny for its labour practices?

    <p>Due to its preparations for the 2022 FIFA World Cup</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Migrant Workers in Malaysia

    • Migrant workers in the electronics sector often experience forced labor conditions such as passport confiscation, long working hours, underpayment or non-payment of wages, and poor living conditions.
    • Workers from Nepal, Bangladesh, and Indonesia are particularly vulnerable.
    • Specific cases involve workers being required to work 12-hour shifts with limited breaks, and being accommodated in crowded and substandard dormitories.

    Palm Oil Plantations

    • Geographical hotspot: Sabah and Sarawak
    • Companies involved: Sime Darby, FGV Holdings, IOI Group
    • Workers are subjected to long hours of hard labor under hazardous conditions, with reports of physical abuse, debt bondage, and wage theft.
    • Many workers have reported being trapped in debt bondage, where they are forced to work to pay off recruitment fees.
    • Living conditions are often poor, with inadequate access to basic necessities such as clean water and healthcare.
    • Child labor is also a serious issue in some plantations.

    Domestic Work

    • Geographical hotspot: Urban centers such as Kuala Lumpur
    • Nature of forced labor: Domestic workers, mainly women from Indonesia, the Philippines, and Cambodia, often face forced labor conditions.
    • They work long hours without rest, are confined to their employers' homes, and experience physical and emotional abuse.
    • Many have their passports confiscated, which restricts their freedom and ability to leave exploitative situations.

    Forced Labour Abroad

    Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) Countries

    • Geographical hotspot: United Arab Emirates (UAE), Qatar, Saudi Arabia
    • Kafala system: The Kafala (sponsorship) system ties migrant workers to their employers, restricting their freedom to change jobs or leave the country without the employer's consent.
    • Specific cases involve the construction of infrastructure for events like the 2022 FIFA World Cup in Qatar, with reports of long working hours in extreme heat, delayed or non-payment of wages, and deplorable living conditions.

    Thailand

    • Geographical hotspot: Fishing industry in coastal regions
    • Nature of forced labor: The Thai fishing industry is notorious for forced labor, involving migrant workers from Myanmar, Cambodia, and Laos.
    • Workers are often trafficked and forced to work on fishing boats under brutal conditions.
    • Investigations have revealed that workers are subjected to physical abuse, long working hours, confinement on boats for months without returning to shore, and little to no pay.

    Statistics and Relevant Data

    • According to the International Labour Organization (ILO), about 29% of domestic workers in Malaysia are in situations of forced labor.
    • Migrant workforce: Malaysia hosts an estimated 2-4 million migrant workers, many of whom are undocumented and therefore more susceptible to exploitation.
    • Forced labor prevalence: Significant portions of migrant workers across various industries experience forced labor, with percentages ranging from 20-42% depending on the sector.
    • Economic impact: Forced labor not only violates human rights but also impacts Malaysia's reputation and economic relationships, leading to sanctions and bans from major trading partners like the U.S.

    Asia

    China

    • Scale and scope: Reports estimate that millions of people are subjected to forced labor in China, particularly in regions like Xinjiang.
    • Statistics: The Australian Strategic Policy Institute reported that over 80,000 Uyghurs were transferred out of Xinjiang between 2017 and 2019 to work in factories across China under conditions that strongly indicate forced labor.
    • Violations: Forced labor practices include long working hours, coercion, restriction of movement, and constant surveillance.

    India

    • Scale and scope: India has one of the highest numbers of people in modern slavery, with estimates ranging from 8 to 18 million.
    • Statistics: The Global Slavery Index (2018) estimated that 18.3 million people in India live in conditions of modern slavery, which includes forced labor.
    • Violations: Common issues include debt bondage, physical and psychological abuse, and lack of legal protection.

    Middle East

    Qatar

    • Scale and scope: Qatar has faced significant scrutiny for its labor practices, especially in the context of preparations for the 2022 FIFA World Cup.

    Studying That Suits You

    Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

    Quiz Team

    Description

    Many migrant workers in the electronics sector face forced labour conditions, including passport confiscation, long working hours, and poor living conditions. Workers from Nepal, Bangladesh, and Indonesia are particularly vulnerable.

    More Like This

    Use Quizgecko on...
    Browser
    Open
    Browser
    Browser