16 Questions
What are the primary roles of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen in life?
Carbon for molecule stabilization, hydrogen for water formation, oxygen for cell energy, and nitrogen for protein building
How do essential elements differ from trace elements?
Essential elements are needed for growth, while trace elements are unnecessary for growth
What is the primary role of trace elements in biological systems?
Stabilize cell structures and lead to disease prevention
Which particles make up all atoms?
Protons, neutrons, electrons
What is the charge of protons?
Positive
What is the primary function of oxygen in biological systems?
Generate energy for cells
What does an atom's atomic number represent?
The number of protons in the element
How do isotopes of an element differ from an atom of that same element?
They have different numbers of protons
What is the valence shell of an atom?
The farthest layer from the nucleus
Why are some isotopes important in medicine?
To perform MRIs and PET scans
What does the electronegativity of an element refer to?
The ability to attract electrons
Why are the noble gases considered to be inert?
They are stable and do not react with other elements
How do you determine how many total orbitals are found within an atom when looking at a periodic table of elements?
The first shell can hold a maximum of 2 orbitals
What happens to the electronegativity of elements as you move from left to right across the periodic table?
It increases
What are the two most common types of chemical bonds seen within a molecule?
Ionic and covalent bonds
How does a covalent bond differ from an ionic bond?
A covalent bond involves sharing electrons, whereas an ionic bond involves transferring electrons.
Explore the significance of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen in sustaining life. Learn about the essential roles they play in biological processes and the reasons behind their vital importance to living organisms. Additionally, understand the distinction between essential elements and trace elements.
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