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Questions and Answers
What was the average increase in hip internal rotation torque when running in shoes compared to barefoot?
What was the average increase in hip internal rotation torque when running in shoes compared to barefoot?
Which of the following joint torques showed the least increase when comparing running in shoes to barefoot?
Which of the following joint torques showed the least increase when comparing running in shoes to barefoot?
Which anatomical sites are indicated to experience greater pressures due to running shoes, according to the findings?
Which anatomical sites are indicated to experience greater pressures due to running shoes, according to the findings?
What limitation of the findings regarding joint torques is emphasized in the study?
What limitation of the findings regarding joint torques is emphasized in the study?
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What could potentially offset the observed increases in joint torques when using running shoes?
What could potentially offset the observed increases in joint torques when using running shoes?
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What was the primary measurement taken during the study comparing running shoes and barefoot running?
What was the primary measurement taken during the study comparing running shoes and barefoot running?
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Which joint showed the most significant increase in torque when running in shoes compared to barefoot?
Which joint showed the most significant increase in torque when running in shoes compared to barefoot?
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In the study, how many healthy young adult runners participated?
In the study, how many healthy young adult runners participated?
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What increases in joint torques were observed at the knee while running in shoes?
What increases in joint torques were observed at the knee while running in shoes?
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What was a limitation noted in the findings regarding joint torques?
What was a limitation noted in the findings regarding joint torques?
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What anatomical sites may be at greater risk for osteoarthritis as suggested by the findings?
What anatomical sites may be at greater risk for osteoarthritis as suggested by the findings?
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What type of running footwear was specifically compared to barefoot running in the study?
What type of running footwear was specifically compared to barefoot running in the study?
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What effect did running shoes have on the hip joint during the study?
What effect did running shoes have on the hip joint during the study?
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Study Notes
Effect of Running Shoes on Joint Torques
- Study investigated impact of modern running shoes on lower extremity joint torques during running.
- 68 healthy young adult runners (37 female) participated, running both barefoot and in stability shoes at controlled speed.
- 3D motion capture and ground reaction force data collected.
- Inverse dynamic model calculated peak 3D external joint torques at hip, knee, and ankle.
Increased Torques with Shoes
- Running shoes led to higher joint torques at the hip, knee, and ankle compared to barefoot running.
- Hip internal rotation torque increased by 54% on average.
- Knee flexion torque increased by 36% on average.
- Knee varus torque increased by 38% on average (varus = inward collapse of the knee)
Knee Implications
- Increased knee torques may increase pressure on areas prone to osteoarthritis (medial and patellofemoral compartments).
Study Limitations
- Only resultant joint torques were measured, not actual joint contact forces.
- Shoe compliance (a potential design benefit) was not factored into joint force calculations.
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Description
This study explores how modern running shoes affect lower extremity joint torques during running compared to barefoot conditions. Results show significant increases in hip, knee, and ankle torques with shoes, raising concerns about potential implications for knee health. The research highlights the need for further investigation into joint contact and injury risks associated with footwear.
