Articulations and Joint Classifications

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Questions and Answers

What is the definition of articulation?

A type of fluid found in joints

A point of contact between 2 or more bones (correct)

An immovable joint

A flexible material connecting bones

What is found in the synovial cavity?

Synovial fluid

What type of joint is a fibrous joint?

A joint with no synovial cavity, held together by fibrous connective tissue

What type of joint is classified as a cartilaginous joint?

A joint with no synovial cavity, held together by cartilage Signup and view all the answers

What defines a synovial joint?

A joint with a synovial cavity Signup and view all the answers

What type of joint is classified as synarthrosis?

Immovable joint Signup and view all the answers

What is an amphiarthrosis joint?

A semi-movable joint Signup and view all the answers

What is a diarthrosis joint?

A freely movable joint Signup and view all the answers

Where is a suture joint found?

Between the bones of the skull Signup and view all the answers

What type of joint is gomphosis?

Synarthrosis joint between teeth and bone Signup and view all the answers

What is synchondrosis?

A synarthrosis joint with hyaline cartilage Signup and view all the answers

What is syndesmosis?

An amphiarthrosis joint with fibrous tissue Signup and view all the answers

What type of tissue is found in a symphysis joint?

Broad, flat fibrocartilage Signup and view all the answers

What covers the ends of the bones in a joint?

Articular cartilage Signup and view all the answers

What is the articular capsule?

The capsule that surrounds the joint and synovial cavity Signup and view all the answers

What is the fibrous capsule?

The outer layer of the articular capsule Signup and view all the answers

What does the synovial membrane do?

Secretes synovial fluid Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of synovial fluid?

Provides lubrication and nutrients for the joint Signup and view all the answers

What are bursae?

Sac-like structures that reduce friction in joints Signup and view all the answers

What is the description of a gliding joint?

Has a flat articulating surface allowing back & forth and side to side motion Signup and view all the answers

What are examples of gliding joints?

Carpals, tarsals, sternum & clavicle Signup and view all the answers

What is the description of a hinge joint?

Has a convex surface that fits into a concave surface, allowing flexion and extension Signup and view all the answers

What are examples of hinge joints?

Elbow, knee, fingers, toes Signup and view all the answers

What is the description of a pivot joint?

Has a rounded surface that allows rotational movement Signup and view all the answers

What are examples of pivot joints?

Atlas & axis of the neck; proximal end of the radius & ulna Signup and view all the answers

What is the description of a condyloid joint?

Has an oval-shaped surface fitting into a depression of a second bone Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of a condyloid joint?

Radius with the scaphoid & lunate or tibia with the talus Signup and view all the answers

What is the description of a saddle joint?

Has an articular surface shaped like a saddle, allowing side-to-side and back-and-forth movement Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of a saddle joint?

Trapezium & 1st Metacarpal Signup and view all the answers

What is the description of a ball & socket joint?

Has a ball-like surface on one bone fitting into a cup-like depression on a second bone Signup and view all the answers

What are examples of ball & socket joints?

Shoulder, hip Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Articulations Overview

Articulation is where two or more bones, or a bone and cartilage, connect.
Various joint types are classified based on structure and function, influencing mobility.

Joint Classifications

Synovial Cavity: Contains synovial fluid, providing lubrication between articulating bones.
Fibrous Joint: No synovial cavity; bones connected by fibrous connective tissue.
Cartilaginous Joint: No synovial cavity; bones connected by cartilage.
Synovial Joint: Contains a synovial cavity; articulating bones are united by an articular capsule.

Functional Classifications

Synarthrosis: Immovable joints.
Amphiarthrosis: Semi-movable joints.
Diarthrosis: Freely movable joints, encompassing all synovial joints.

Joint Types and Examples

Suture: Synarthrosis joint in the skull.
Gomphosis: Synarthrosis joint between teeth and jawbone.
Synchondrosis: Synarthrosis joint with hyaline cartilage (e.g., growth plates).
Syndesmosis: Amphiarthrosis joint with fibrous tissue.
Symphysis: Amphiarthrosis joint with broad fibrocartilage.

Joint Structures

Articular Cartilage: Hyaline cartilage covering the ends of bones within a joint.
Articular Capsule: Envelops the joint and synovial cavity, connecting bones.
Fibrous Capsule: Outer layer of the articular capsule, made of dense irregular connective tissue.
Synovial Membrane: Inner layer of the articular capsule secreting synovial fluid.
Synovial Fluid: Lubricates joints and provides nutrients.
Bursae: Shock-absorbing sacs within joints, reducing friction.

Joint Movement Types

Gliding Joint: Flat surfaces enabling back and forth, side to side movement (e.g., carpals and tarsals).
Hinge Joint: Convex surface fitting into a concave counterpart for flexion and extension (e.g., elbow, knee).
Pivot Joint: Rounded surface connects with a ring for rotational movement (e.g., atlas and axis of the neck).
Condyloid Joint: Oval-shaped surface fitting into a depression allowing movement in two planes (e.g., radius with scaphoid).
Saddle Joint: One bone is shaped like a saddle; allows side-to-side and back-and-forth movement (e.g., trapezium with the first metacarpal).
Ball & Socket Joint: Ball-shaped surface fits into a cup-shaped depression, allowing for multi-directional movement (e.g., shoulder, hip).

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Description

This quiz covers the overview of articulations, joint classifications, and their functional types. You will explore the different types of joints, including synovial, fibrous, and cartilaginous joints, along with examples of each type. Test your knowledge on how these joints affect mobility and their structural characteristics.