Immunology Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the function of the T cell receptor (TCR)?

  • To regulate cytokine production
  • To produce antibodies against pathogens
  • To signal T cells for activation (correct)
  • To directly recognize and bind antigen

    • Where do T cells develop from precursor cells?

  • Spleen
  • Bone marrow
  • Thymus (correct)
  • Liver

    • What determines the antigen specificity of a lymphocyte?

  • MHC molecules on the surface of other cells
  • DNA sequences encoding the variable regions of the TCR (correct)
  • RNA sequences encoding the constant regions of the TCR
  • Protein expression levels in the thymus

    • What is the distinctive feature of T cells in terms of antigen recognition?

    <p>Recognizing short peptide fragments of pathogen’s protein antigens bound to MHC molecules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the structure of the T cell receptor (TCR)?

    <p>Consists of α and β polypeptide chains linked by a disulphide bond</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many identical antigen receptor molecules does each T cell bear on its surface?

    <p>Approximately 30,000</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the similarity in structure between the α:β heterodimer of TCR and antibodies?

    <p>Similar in structure to Fab fragment of Ab</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many binding sites does the T cell receptor (TCR) have?

    <p>One</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary location for T cell receptor (TCR) testing for antigen-recognition properties?

    <p>Immediate environment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of the T cell receptor (TCR) in recognizing antigen?

    <p>Recognizes short peptide fragments of pathogen’s protein antigens</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between T cell receptor (TCR) and antibody molecules?

    <p>Closely related</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the only function of the T cell receptor (TCR)?

    <p>To signal T cells for activation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the short hinge region in the T cell receptor (TCR) structure?

    <p>It contains a cysteine residue that forms the disulphide link between the 2 chains</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes CD4 helper T cells from CD8 cytotoxic T cells?

    <p>Expression of cell surface proteins CD4, CD8</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of CD4/8 binding alone to MHC?

    <p>No signal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cells express little or no MHC1?

    <p>Non-nucleated cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of CD8 cytotoxic T cells?

    <p>Specialized to kill any cell they recognize</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where are MHC2 molecules found?

    <p>Dendritic cells, B cells, and macrophages</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of T cells being alerted to all possible infections?

    <p>MHC molecules must be capable of binding stably to many different peptides</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of CD4 helper T cells in the immune response?

    <p>Stimulate antibody production</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of stable binding of peptides to MHC molecules?

    <p>Stability of bound peptides is very important</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the ligand recognized by the TCR?

    <p>Complex of peptide and MHC molecule</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the hydrophobic transmembrane domain in the TCR structure?

    <p>Anchors the TCR in the cell membrane</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of CD4/8 in enhancing the sensitivity of the cell to antigen presented by MHC?

    <p>Deliver a kinase close to the signaling components of the TCR complex</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the short hinge region in the T cell receptor (TCR) structure?

    <p>It contains a cysteine residue that forms the disulphide link between the 2 chains</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where are MHC2 molecules found?

    <p>Dendritic cells, B cells, and macrophages</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of CD4/8 binding alone to MHC?

    <p>No signal is generated</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the distinctive feature of T cells in terms of antigen recognition?

    <p>They recognize short amino acid sequences of proteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of stable binding of peptides to MHC molecules?

    <p>No signal is generated</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of CD4/8 in enhancing the sensitivity of the cell to antigen presented by MHC?

    <p>They interact with an thyrosine kinase in the cytoplasm and can deliver this kinase close to the signaling components of the TCR complex</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence for plasmodium species due to non-nucleated cells expressing little or no MHC1?

    <p>They live undetected in red blood cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary location for T cell receptor (TCR) testing for antigen-recognition properties?

    <p>Amino terminal variable (V) region</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of T cells being alerted to all possible infections?

    <p>They must be capable of binding stably to many different peptides</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the hydrophobic transmembrane domain in the TCR structure?

    <p>It anchors the TCR in the cell membrane</p> Signup and view all the answers

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